AJWILL wrote:women working outside the home continue to earn only about two-thirds of working men

a) of working men
b) of the amount of working men
c) of the amount working men have
d) of the amount earned by working men
e) what has been earned by working men

A - two-thirds of working men (intention is to say "two-third of what working men earn")
B - same problem as A
C - changes the meaning (two-third of what men have; original sentence says 'two-third of what working men earn). Additionally, THE AMOUNT...will take HAS (not HAVE)
E- subject verb agreement problem (MEN...HAVE)

IMO D

m not clear on option C.
of the amount working men have(earned)

isnt earned implied?

OA is D

AJWILL wrote:m not clear on option C.
of the amount working men have(earned)

isnt earned implied?

OA is D

C - of the amount working men have

option C means "two-third of THE AMOUNT men have; original sentence says 'two-third of THE AMOUNT men earn.

Difference btn THE AMOUNT MEN HAVE vs THE AMOUNT MEN EARN (original sentence intends to convey the later).

Regarding your point (EARNED) - this is not mentioned anywhere else in the sentence. If EARNED had been present somewhere in the sentence, then option C would have become a viable option.

Lets not miss another critical problem in C - HAVE: this does not go with singular subject THE AMOUNT

two thirds of Americans are overweight (correct);
two thirds of the amazon rainforest is in which country (correct)

One of four babies are now born to mothers aged thirty years or more, compared with just one of six born in 1975.
(A) of four babies are now born to mothers aged thirty years or more, compared with just one of six born
(B) of four babies is now born to a mother whose age is thirty or older, compared to just one of six babies who were born
(C) baby in four are now born to mothers aged thirty or older, compared to just one in six
(D) baby in four is now born to a mother aged thirty or older, compared with just one in six
(E) baby in four is now born to mothers aged thirty years or more, compared to just one in six

then what about this question OA is D we do have implied meaning in second half

One of four babies are now born to mothers aged thirty years or more, compared with just one of six born in 1975.
(A) of four babies are now born to mothers aged thirty years or more, compared with just one of six born
(B) of four babies is now born to a mother whose age is thirty or older, compared to just one of six babies who were born
(C) baby in four are now born to mothers aged thirty or older, compared to just one in six
(D) baby in four is now born to a mother aged thirty or older, compared with just one in six
(E) baby in four is now born to mothers aged thirty years or more, compared to just one in six

then what about this question OA is D we do have implied meaning in second half

AJWILL wrote:m not clear on option C.
of the amount working men have(earned)

isnt earned implied?

OA is D

That's how most people would read it, but on the GMAT we want to make the meaning as clear as possible. Implied meaning can lead to interpretation errors.

AJWILL wrote:One of four babies are now born to mothers aged thirty years or more, compared with just one of six born in 1975.
(A) of four babies are now born to mothers aged thirty years or more, compared with just one of six born
(B) of four babies is now born to a mother whose age is thirty or older, compared to just one of six babies who were born
(C) baby in four are now born to mothers aged thirty or older, compared to just one in six
(D) baby in four is now born to a mother aged thirty or older, compared with just one in six
(E) baby in four is now born to mothers aged thirty years or more, compared to just one in six

then what about this question OA is D we do have implied meaning in second half

The difference is that in this sentence, there really isn't another possible meaning. The "one in six" in the second half parallels the "one in four" in the first half, so the meaning is clear.