to get the ball rolling, here are my thoughts ... would be grateful for any additions ... thanks:

(A)
• Should be “the passage” not passing. The act was not passed to anyone!
(B)
• Pronoun: “they will sell” – who does “they” refer to?
(C)
• Corrects problem mentioned in A
• Corrects pronoun issue as mentioned in B
• Was not sure about “the passage in 1999 of the Anti….” but via POE, all other choices have solid grammatical issues, leaving this one as the right choice.
(D)
• Meaning: The proliferation led to the passage of the act … it didn’t lead to the act itself
• “and it allows” – awkward construct ??? doesn’t sound right !
(E)
• Not parallel: “passed” Vs “allowing” … should be “passed in 1999 and allowed companies”
• Pronoun: “they will sell” – who does the “they” refer to? Companies? Should be referring to the cybersquatters.
• Meaning: The proliferation led to the passage of the act … it didn’t lead to the act itself

A.
error 1 - the poliferation...led to the passing; this should be passage.
error 2 - allowing - present participle -ing always modify the subject of preceding clause, therefore, allowing modifies "passing of the cyber-squatting act" instead of act itself.

B.
error 1 - "which" is modifying 1999 instead of act.
error 2 - "they" can refer to "those" as well as "companies"

D.
error 1 - "comma+and" cordinating conjunction though correctly used to join two independent clauses but "it" in the second independent clause has no clear referent. "it" can refer to "proliferation" or "cyber squatter's act"

E.
error 1 - "passed and allowed"
error 2 - "they"


Hope this helps.

(A) [color=red]passing[/color] the Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act in 1999, allowing companies to seek up to $10,000 in damages against those who register domain names with the sole intent of selling

"passing" acts as a dangling modifier,(who passed?)..it doest have an
agent.

B)"which" relative pronoun refers to "1999"

d)changes the meaning

(E) the Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act,passed in 1999 and allowing companies to seek up to $10,000 in damages against those who register domain names with the sole intent of selling


Here one past event and one present condition are incorrectly made parallel..

thanks,
i hope this helps.

parallel_chase wrote:A.
error 1 - the poliferation...led to the passing; this should be passage.
error 2 - allowing - present participle -ing always modify the subject of preceding clause, therefore, allowing modifies "passing of the cyber-squatting act" instead of act itself.

B.
error 1 - "which" is modifying 1999 instead of act.
error 2 - "they" can refer to "those" as well as "companies"

D.
error 1 - "comma+and" cordinating conjunction though correctly used to join two independent clauses but "it" in the second independent clause has no clear referent. "it" can refer to "proliferation" or "cyber squatter's act"

E.
error 1 - "passed and allowed"
error 2 - "they"


Hope this helps.

PC, you are the greatest! Thanks man.

logitech wrote: PC, you are the greatest! Thanks man.

Your welcome!

Especially on verbal, most of the time you help and sometime I help you. So I should be thanking you. Thanks

A.
error 1 - the poliferation...led to the passing; this should be passage.
error 2 - allowing - present participle -ing always modify the subject of preceding clause, therefore, allowing modifies "passing of the cyber-squatting act" instead of act itself.

Why passing is wrong? As I looked for Passing in oxford dictionary and here is what I found:

3 the ~ of sth the act of making sth become a law
the passing of a resolution/law

And I do not understand why you think allowing modifies "passing of the cyber-squatting act"?
The Proliferation led to passing the ... , allowing ...
It is modifying both subject and verb of the previous clause therefore it is referring to The proliferation of ...

Would you please explain?

Ok, I understand that by POE, we get C as an answer, but is it correct English to say: the passage in 1999 of the Anti? Shouldn't it be "let to the passage of the Anti in 1999?"

Would appreciate an explanation!

Thouraya wrote:Ok, I understand that by POE, we get C as an answer, but is it correct English to say: the passage in 1999 of the Anti? Shouldn't it be "let to the passage of the Anti in 1999?"

Would appreciate an explanation!

yes even I have this issue.....
Request some one to answer this.

Thanks

parallel_chase wrote:A.
error 1 - the poliferation...led to the passing; this should be passage.
error 2 - allowing - present participle -ing always modify the subject of preceding clause, therefore, allowing modifies "passing of the cyber-squatting act" instead of act itself.

B.
error 1 - "which" is modifying 1999 instead of act.
error 2 - "they" can refer to "those" as well as "companies"

D.
error 1 - "comma+and" cordinating conjunction though correctly used to join two independent clauses but "it" in the second independent clause has no clear referent. "it" can refer to "proliferation" or "cyber squatter's act"

E.
error 1 - "passed and allowed"
error 2 - "they"


Hope this helps.

Why in A it should be passage and not passing ? Whats the grammar rule? Is it that verb-ing modifiers without comma should modify the noun before it ?


Also, in B 'in 1999' is a prepositional phrase so we can skip that and which still would modify the 'Act' thats what i had read...so why is the usage of which wrong in B?