Option A - Incorrect
The exiting infrastructure is not what is being talked about. The issue is that a fee is being imposed to pay for infrastructure expansion. So, discussing the existing infrastructure on its own does not correlate.
Option B - Incorrect
Irrelevant and out of context. The argument didn't say anything about this fee reducing overall air travel volume. It's very possible that everyone who utilizes air travel continues to do so, but only now they have to pay a fine that for many of them is not viewed as far.
Option C - correct
This gets at our prediction, and is thus correct. If the expansion reduces flight delays by eliminating congestion, then probably many air travellers are going to benefit from this infrastructure expansion; not only the few people who utilize private planes.
Option D - Incorrect
This option is out of proportion. Nobody's wealth is relevant here.
Option E - Incorrect
Saying that the fee will be large is out of scope. If anything, this would strengthen the argument if the fee ends up being substantial for normal travellers, but the magnitude of the fee is in reality out of scope.
The issue is simply about whether other travellers having to pay the fee is fair, and it does not matter if the fee is $1,000,000 or $0.01 per person.