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The increased popularity and availability of televisions has

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by eitijan » Thu Apr 07, 2016 12:55 am
The increased popularity and availability of televisions has led to the decline of regional dialects, language
variations which originate from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuated by geographic isolation.
A. which originate from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuated
B. that originated from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuated
C. originated from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuated
D. originating from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuated
E. originating from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuating

OA D

Why option C is in correct?
Please explain.
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by fabiocafarelli » Thu Apr 07, 2016 1:30 am
Option C is a case of false parallelism. The fact that two verbs may be in parallel form does not guarantee that the option in which they appear will be correct. This option is a case in point: ORIGINATED FROM ... AND PERPETUATED BY is not a possible sequence. This is because something is not ORIGINATED FROM something else: this passive construction does not work with this verb, and its use makes the sentence unidiomatic. Things ORIGINATE, simply: thus, the correct form here is ORIGINATING FROM. (The verb functions as an adjective describing LANGUAGE VARIATIONS.)

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by jain2016 » Thu Apr 07, 2016 9:38 am
fabiocafarelli wrote:Option C is a case of false parallelism. The fact that two verbs may be in parallel form does not guarantee that the option in which they appear will be correct. This option is a case in point: ORIGINATED FROM ... AND PERPETUATED BY is not a possible sequence. This is because something is not ORIGINATED FROM something else: this passive construction does not work with this verb, and its use makes the sentence unidiomatic. Things ORIGINATE, simply: thus, the correct form here is ORIGINATING FROM. (The verb functions as an adjective describing LANGUAGE VARIATIONS.)

Hi Fabio ,

Thanks for your reply.

Just a quick question, so can I eliminate option E using the same as above rule?

Please advise.

Many thanks in advance.

SJ
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by fabiocafarelli » Wed Apr 13, 2016 8:27 am
Just a quick question, so can I eliminate option E using the same as above rule?

The answer is that option E is a case similar in some ways to option C. It refers to language variations originating from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuating by geographic isolation. LANGUAGE VARIATIONS ORIGINATING is fine, because the present participle works as an adjective that describes those VARIATIONS, but PERPETUATING BY GEOGRAPHIC ISOLATION is impossible. The verb TO PERPETUATE must be used either transitively (for example, the sale of weapons perpetuates war), or reflexively (for example, social instability perpetuates itself in poverty-stricken environments), but to attempt to use the present participle as an adjective and refer to something PERPETUATING BY a certain factor is simply unidiomatic.

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