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Tentative labor agreement!_GMATPREP

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Tentative labor agreement!_GMATPREP

by gmat_perfect » Tue Jun 08, 2010 9:01 pm
Having finally reached a tentative labor agreement with its company's pilots, it must now be determined by the airline's board of directors how the airline can both increase profits and compete more effectively for customers than they did in the past.

(A) it must now be determined by the airline's board of directors how the airline can both increase profits and compete more effectively for customers than they did in the past
(B) it must now be determined by the airline's board of directors how the airline can both increase profits and must compete more effectively than in the past for customers
(C) the airline's board of directors must now determine both how to make the airline increase profits and compete more effectively for customers than they did in the past
(D) the airline's board of directors must now determine how the airline can both increase profits and compete more effectively for customers than it did in the past
(E) the airline's board of directors must now determine how the airline can both increase profits and also how to make it compete more effectively than in the past for customers

OA: Later.
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by andrey_tsi » Tue Jun 08, 2010 10:37 pm
Answer: D
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by hardik.jadeja » Tue Jun 08, 2010 10:52 pm
One more vote for D.

The first part of the sentence is a modifier and so we must have a correct noun placed after the comma. In this case, the noun is "the airline's board of directors". So A and B are ruled out.

C doesn't maintain the parallelism "both X and Y". Same is the case with E. Option D maintain the parallelism "how the airline can both increase profits(X) and compete more effectively for customers(Y)"

Hope that helps.
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by gmatmachoman » Tue Jun 08, 2010 10:58 pm
hardik.jadeja wrote:One more vote for D.

The first part of the sentence is a modifier and so we must have a correct noun placed after the comma. In this case, the noun is "the airline's board of directors". So A and B are ruled out.

C doesn't maintain the parallelism "both X and Y". Same is the case with E. Option D maintain the parallelism "how the airline can both increase profits(X) and compete more effectively for customers(Y)"

Hope that helps.

One more vote for D

Good work Jadeja bhai!
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by Patrick_GMATFix » Wed Jun 09, 2010 11:11 pm
The underline portion must begin with "board of directors" to fit the start of the sentence. Eliminate A & B

The things that the board must agree upon are part of the same list, so they must be written in parallel structures. The construct "both x and y" must have parallel x and y. C and E both fail in this regard

The OA is D. This is GMATPrep question 2458. If difficult parallelism questions give you a hard time, use the Drill Engine to generate timed drills and set topic='Parallelism, List' and difficulty='600-700 & 700+'

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by martin.jonson007 » Thu Jun 10, 2010 4:59 am
D is correct.. no doubt...


but

how u guys can say that Both... And structure is not there in C option.. it is there....

======================
the airline's board of directors must now determine both how to make the airline increase profits and compete more effectively for customers than they did in the past
=====================

C is wrong b'coz of very subtle reason...

Board of director may be determining what to do BUT this is finally AIRLINE which have to complete BOTH TASK in actual sense.

So pronoun will be IT NOT THEY as mention in C option.

Good Ques...
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by hardik.jadeja » Thu Jun 10, 2010 5:20 am
martin.jonson007 wrote:D is correct.. no doubt...


but

how u guys can say that Both... And structure is not there in C option.. it is there....

======================
the airline's board of directors must now determine both how to make the airline increase profits and compete more effectively for customers than they did in the past
=====================
C has the structure "both X and Y" but X and Y are not parallel in C.

Option C:
the airline's board of directors must now determine both how to make the airline increase profits and compete more effectively for customers than they did in the past

The underlined parts above represent X and Y. As you can see, they are not parallel.

If you are confused with what kind of parallelism is required for using "both X and Y" structure, then check option D. D maintains required parallelism.

Hope that helps..
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by martin.jonson007 » Thu Jun 10, 2010 5:34 am
hardik.jadeja wrote:
martin.jonson007 wrote:D is correct.. no doubt...


but

how u guys can say that Both... And structure is not there in C option.. it is there....

======================
the airline's board of directors must now determine both how to make the airline increase profits and compete more effectively for customers than they did in the past
=====================
C has the structure "both X and Y" but X and Y are not parallel in C.

Option C:
the airline's board of directors must now determine both how to make the airline increase profits and compete more effectively for customers than they did in the past

The underlined parts above represent X and Y. As you can see, they are not parallel.

If you are confused with what kind of parallelism is required for using "both X and Y" structure, then check option D. D maintains required parallelism.


Hope that helps..
as far as BOTH X AND Y structure is concerned .. it is there....

==============

the airline's board of directors must now determine both how to make the airline increase profits and HOW TO compete more effectively for customers than they did in the past

2nd HOW TO is not mention in sentence but is is understood that it is there...

i.e. Both how to X and how to Y -> this is the structure of C option which i dont think is INCORRECT
==============

but again.. it is wrong b'coz of some other reason... wch is technical not gramatical...
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by hardik.jadeja » Thu Jun 10, 2010 5:42 am
martin.jonson007 wrote: 2nd HOW TO is not mention in sentence but is is understood that it is there...
No dude.. you can't just assume that the second "how to" is there.. Ask any expert...

Have a look at this problem:
https://www.beatthegmat.com/submarine-ex ... 59253.html
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by Patrick_GMATFix » Thu Jun 10, 2010 6:56 am
martin.jonson007 wrote: Board of director may be determining what to do BUT this is finally AIRLINE which have to complete BOTH TASK in actual sense.

So pronoun will be IT NOT THEY as mention in C option.
Great observation; there is indeed a pronoun error in C. The pronoun "they" is illegally referring to "the airline's board"; it would be better.
martin.jonson007 wrote: 2nd HOW TO is not mention in sentence but is is understood that it is there...
In the structure "both X and Y, you cannot imply that the how to. You need "both how to do x and how to do y" Anything you wish to imply should be placed outside the both...and construct. For instance: "how to both do x and do y" would work.
Although common terms are often implied in parallel structures (ex: I prefer to eat inside rather than [to eat] outside) when the idiom is used to frame the structure, implication should not be used. Examples include: "both x and y", and "not only x, but also y".

As a rule of thumb, all other things equal, give the edge to the answer that offers the most parallel structure. Repeating common terms, especially in complex sentences, helps make the sentence easier to understand, thus stronger.

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by martin.jonson007 » Thu Jun 10, 2010 7:14 am
Patrick_GMATFix wrote:
martin.jonson007 wrote: Board of director may be determining what to do BUT this is finally AIRLINE which have to complete BOTH TASK in actual sense.

So pronoun will be IT NOT THEY as mention in C option.
Great observation; there is indeed a pronoun error in C. The pronoun "they" is illegally referring to "the airline's board"; it would be better.
martin.jonson007 wrote: 2nd HOW TO is not mention in sentence but is is understood that it is there...
In the structure "both X and Y, you cannot imply that the how to. You need "both how to do x and how to do y" Anything you wish to imply should be placed outside the both...and construct. For instance: "how to both do x and do y" would work.
Although common terms are often implied in parallel structures (ex: I prefer to eat inside rather than [to eat] outside) when the idiom is used to frame the structure, implication should not be used. Examples include: "both x and y", and "not only x, but also y".

As a rule of thumb, all other things equal, give the edge to the answer that offers the most parallel structure. Repeating common terms, especially in complex sentences, helps make the sentence easier to understand, thus stronger.

-Patrick
Thanks a lot Patrick...!

it's fine now...
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by Patrick_GMATFix » Thu Jun 10, 2010 7:38 am
No problemo
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