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Sales of wines

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by yashvardhan90 » Thu Jul 02, 2015 3:32 am
Sales of wines declined in the late 1980s, but they began to grow again after the 1991 report that linked moderate consumption of alcohol, and particularly of red wine, with a reduced risk of heart disease.

(A)they began to grow again after the 1991 report that linked moderate consumption of alcohol, and particularly of red wine, with a reduced risk of heart disease.
(B) after the 1991 report that linked a reduced risk of heart disease with a moderate alcohol consumption, particularly red wine, they began growing again
(C) in a 1991 report, moderate alcohol consumption, and particularly of red wine, which was linked with a reduced risk of heart disease, caused them to begin to grow again
(D) with a reduced risk of heart disease linked in a 1991 report with moderate alcohol consumption, in particular red wine, they began growing again
(E) a reduced risk of heart disease linked to moderate alcohol consumption in a 1991 report, and in particular red wine, started them growing again
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by GMATGuruNY » Thu Jul 02, 2015 5:19 am
yashvardhan90 wrote:Sales of wines declined in the late 1980s, but they began to grow again after the 1991 report that linked moderate consumption of alcohol, and particularly of red wine, with a reduced risk of heart disease.

(A)they began to grow again after the 1991 report that linked moderate consumption of alcohol, and particularly of red wine, with a reduced risk of heart disease.
(B) after the 1991 report that linked a reduced risk of heart disease with a moderate alcohol consumption, particularly red wine, they began growing again
(C) in a 1991 report, moderate alcohol consumption, and particularly of red wine, which was linked with a reduced risk of heart disease, caused them to begin to grow again
(D) with a reduced risk of heart disease linked in a 1991 report with moderate alcohol consumption, in particular red wine, they began growing again
(E) a reduced risk of heart disease linked to moderate alcohol consumption in a 1991 report, and in particular red wine, started them growing again
Two nouns are in APPOSITION when they appear side-by-side, with the second serving to explain or define the first.
Nouns in apposition must refer to the EXACT SAME THING.
In B and D, red wine is an apposition to alcohol consumption.
Since ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION and RED WINE are NOT the same, the construction here is invalid.
Eliminate B and D.

C: ...in a 1991 report...moderate alcohol consumption caused them to begin to grow again.
Here, the implication is that sales began to grow IN A 1991 REPORT.
Not the intended meaning.
Eliminate C.

E: moderate alcohol consumption in a 1991 report
Here, the implication is that the CONSUMPTION took place IN THE REPORT itself.
Not the intended meaning.
Also, a reduced risk...started them conveys a nonsensical meaning: that a RISK started SALES.
Eliminate E.

The correct answer is A.

A: ...consumption OF ALCOHOL, and particularly OF RED WINE....
Here, red wine refers NOT to consumption but to ALCOHOL itself.
Since RED WINE is a type of ALCOHOL, this construction makes sense.
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by sagarock » Sat Aug 13, 2016 10:21 am
sir,why are we ignoring in particular and particularly in option e and d and only considering red wine ?Also in option e started is verb so WE cannot consider it as ed modifier ,right?
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