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Can anybody tell me: what it is known as the database of phrases/ colloquial sayings and there meanings.

This is an inquiry from a non-native English speaker. so please understand the case that this person knows english, knows how grammar works, but does not know the different phrases people use in their daily life.
for example :
what goes around that comes around
i care a damn
taking smthing with grain of salt


all those colloquial sayings

where would I get in a /packet/ every phrase in alphabetical order

Please help, & understand the case of a person who is usually good at English in general but doesnt know the colloquial usage of words....