Hi,

This q is from
Source: Manhattan GMAT prep - sc

The invention of the cotton gin, being one of the most significant developments of the nineteenth century, had turned cotton cloth into an affordable commodity even though it was expensive before that.


a. being one of the most significant developments of the nineteenth century, had turned cotton cloth into an affordable commodity even though it was expensive before that
b. having been one of the most significant developments of the nineteenth century, turned cotton cloth into an affordable commodity even though it had previously been expensive
c. one of the most significant developments of the nineteenth century, turned cotton cloth into an affordable commodity despite its previous expense
d. one of the most significant developments of the nineteenth century, turned cotton cloth into an affordable commodity despite the fact that it had previously been expensive
e. being one of the most significant developments of the nineteenth century, turned cotton cloth from a previously expensive commodity to an affordable one


The answer is mentioned as D

Now, here's my question - in choice D - the mention of "despite its previous expense" - is that not redundant - if it is affordable now it should have been expensive before

do explain - and why is being in these choices considered wrong

thanks,