B uses a participial phrase to modify the noun "laws," while E tries to use an infinitive. Go with the participial phrase.

Answer is B
"saying" is parallel with "requiring"

fangtray wrote:Last week local shrimpers held a news conference to take some credit for the resurgence of the rare Kemp's ridley turtle, saying that their compliance with laws requiring that turtle-excluder devices be on shrimp nets protect adult sea turtles.

b. requiring turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets is protecting
e. to require turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets is protecting

Is the only difference between these 2 answer choices is something that is so ambiguous to me? i read the difference of to require, and requiring on the OG explanation, and it seems like a pretty weak reason. Is there something else wrong with E i don't see?

Both of them mean different,
"requiring" is a participle modifier used to explain why is wanted by law
"to require" is an infinitive which is used to refer to unreal/future actions

As per intended meaning B is correct

Bill@VeritasPrep wrote:B uses a participial phrase to modify the noun "laws," while E tries to use an infinitive. Go with the participial phrase.

why do you say that? what is the lesson or the rule that i need to learn here?

https://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/post51809.html
Ron's explanation although not strictly differentiating between "to require " and "requiring" but explains why "requiring"(present participle) in this case is better

why is requiring better than to require?

NOUN TO DO and NOUN DOING

which is correct depend on idiom. I mean, for some noun, "noun to do" is used. For other noun, "noun doing" is used

is my thinking correct?, pls help.

pls, give me an example, in which "noun to do " is correct and "noun doing" is wrong.

Thank you.

fangtray wrote:why is requiring better than to require?

Please read my post above... few examples below
e.g.
a) President requires education laws to include reservation for women
b) My team requires me to complete the project

vikram4689 wrote:

fangtray wrote:why is requiring better than to require?

Please read my post above... few examples below
e.g.
a) President requires education laws to include reservation for women
b) My team requires me to complete the project

i dont understand vikram, thanks for helping though.. but i didn't understand your post regarding ING and infinitive..perhaps you could offer some more examples of which one is right and why other is wrong?

Last week local shrimpers held a news conference to take some credit for the resurgence of the rare Kemp's ridley turtle, saying that their compliance with laws requiring that turtle-excluder devices be on shrimp nets protect adult sea turtles.

A. requiring that turtle-excluder devices be on shrimp nets protect
B. requiring turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets is protecting
C. that require turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets protect
D. to require turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets are protecting
E. to require turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets is protecting


OA given is B.


There has been some problem with the above sentence...

Firstly it is a case of subject-verb agreement. The subject 'compliance' used in the modifier, is singular but the options A, C and D use plural the same word...

We are left with B and E...

requiring is the correct word as it modifies the 'laws' properly intending or conveying the correct meaning. Saying that the laws that are existing and not will exist in the future...

Thaanks if this helps you guyzzz...