Over the past three decades, the number of hospital beds ava

Option A - INCORRECT.
This option has deviated from the states affected in this argument. The number of hospital beds available for inpatient psychiatric treatment in Canada and its decline rate over the past three decades is not part of the discussion and its no increase in mortality is not worth debating on.

Option B - INCORRECT.
The statement in this option is not in accordance with the argument here. However, the advances in medical care and training over the past three decades with outpatient treatment been more effective than inpatient treatment for many mental disorders maybe true but it is not an issue discussed in the argument.

Option C - INCORRECT.
This option is in support of advancement realized in the psychiatric medical line of Japan. Because, the ratio rate of Japan has shown that mental disorders in Japan has been decreasing, even as the country has increased the number of beds available for inpatient psychiatric treatment. This improvement is because there is availability of bed which can be used to effect treatment of patients with brain disorder.

Option D - INCORRECT.
This option is true rating the difference in ratio of the incidence that occurred in the argument. There is a great possibility that, over the past three decades, Japan has offered state-sponsored health insurance to all citizens, which has also affected the psychiatric hospitals too, meanwhile the United States has not been able to provide his amenities to their citizens.

Option E - CORRECT.
However, this option has cast the most serious doubt on the conclusion that the reduction in hospital beds is principally responsible for the increase in mortality in the United States. Medically, availability of bed for patient is of great advantage in saving lives because one would not expect a doctor to perform treatment or surgical treatment on a patient when there is no bed for comfort of the patient. Meanwhile, Over the past three decades, the incidence of mental disorders that are more likely to end in death has risen in the United States and declined in Japan but the non availability of bed for estimated population in the united state is not the major reason for the mortality experienced in the united state psychiatric hospital, there are more genuine reasons to think could be the cause rather than the lack of hospital bed alone.