Orbits (GPREP)

IMO B

answer in (B)

explanation please..

aj5105 wrote:Since the start of space age, more and more littering has occured in orbits near Earth, often because of the intentional discarding of lens caps, packing material , fuel tanks and payload covers.

a) same
b) orbits near Earth have become more and more littered , often from
c) orbits near Earth became littered more and more, often resulting from
d) there have been more and more littering of orbits near Earth, often because of
e) there had been littering more and more of orbits near Earth, often with

I am reopening the thread as I am facing problem to reach the OA. Can anybody please explain it for me. I can eliminate [spoiler]'D'[/spoiler] & [spoiler]'E'[/spoiler] easily but don't know how to proceed further.

D and E can be eliminated because of wordiness and awkwardness. Answer choice C can be eliminated since 'became' is incorrect here. We need have become (present perfect) since the time at which the orbits became littered is unspecified. This leaves us with choices A and B.

From here, I'm not really sure as to why I chose B, but it seems that it is a bit less awkward than choice A.

Domnu wrote: From here, I'm not really sure as to why I chose B, but it seems that it is a bit less awkward than choice A.

A is passive. Its not that all passive options are incorrect but here B expresses the idea in active voice , so Option B is definitely preferred to Option A

yes, A seems awkward as well

what is the difference between "often because of" and "often from"? can we choose the answer on that basis too?

Since there is a comma in the sentence, then this is a modifier.
The easiest thing to do is to find the subject- "orbits". So, orbits have become more and more polluted. Not that there has been more littering in the orbits.


Just remember the Princenton Review's most common misplaced modifier example:
Coming out of the department store, John's wallet was stollen.
was the wallet coming of the department store?no. John was.

so, this is the same type of question. I hope you've practiced the princenton review's questions.

Since the start of space age, more and more littering has occured in orbits near Earth, often because of the intentional discarding of lens caps, packing material , fuel tanks and payload covers.

a) same

b) orbits near Earth have become more and more littered , often from

c) orbits near Earth became littered more and more, often resulting from

became is wrong seems to convey the meaning that it is not happenning anymore . Doesnt make much sense with since

d) there have been more and more littering of orbits near Earth, often because of

litterring->singular have->plural

e) there had been littering more and more of orbits near Earth, often with

No need to use past perfect since we dont have 2 past actions


"Since" is a big clue for using present perfect for an action that started sometime in the past and is continuing or result of which is continuing

A seems to say more and more littering is because of ....

Litterring is those things so beacuse of sounds awkward.

Also more and more littering has occurred since conveys the meaning that "more and more" has been happenning from then to now. The intended meaning is orbits are becoming more and more littered.

B conveys the meaning clearly.

Hence B

Hope I have not confused the situatiom more

Regards,
CR

Thanks CR for your explanation.

I also noticed this - let me know if I am right.

orbits near Earth have become more and more littered , often from

often from next to littered conveys better meaning.

cramya wrote:Since the start of space age, more and more littering has occured in orbits near Earth, often because of the intentional discarding of lens caps, packing material , fuel tanks and payload covers.

a) same

b) orbits near Earth have become more and more littered , often from

c) orbits near Earth became littered more and more, often resulting from

became is wrong seems to convey the meaning that it is not happenning anymore . Doesnt make much sense with since

d) there have been more and more littering of orbits near Earth, often because of

litterring->singular have->plural

e) there had been littering more and more of orbits near Earth, often with

No need to use past perfect since we dont have 2 past actions


"Since" is a big clue for using present perfect for an action that started sometime in the past and is continuing or result of which is continuing

A seems to say more and more littering is because of ....

Litterring is those things so beacuse of sounds awkward.

Also more and more littering has occurred since conveys the meaning that "more and more" has been happenning from then to now. The intended meaning is orbits are becoming more and more littered.

B conveys the meaning clearly.

Hence B

Hope I have not confused the situatiom more

Regards,
CR

often from next to littered conveys better meaning.

Agree Aj! Logical flow is there.

thanks guys..i got it.

can somebody please explain this one in more details i am not clear on this one

Cheers!

Just a tip, might help some one adding to their Notes:

"Since + time line" , always go with 'had\have\has'. If the other activity is in past then 'had' or else 'has\have'
D\E are wordy here, hence B

Feel free to challenge the above TIP incase someone have found any exception.