Warning that computers in the United States are not secure, the National Academy of Sciences has urged the nation to revamp computer security procedures, institute new emergency response teams, creating a special nongovernment organization to take charge of computer security planning.
A. creating a special nongovernment organization to take
B. creating a special nongovernment organization that takes
C. creating a special nongovernment organization for taking
D. and create a special nongovernment for taking
E. and create a special nongovernment to take
OA: E
Someone, please explain the POE. Why is "A" incorrect? Thanks in advance.
OG 2013 SC Warning that computers in
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This question is testing PARALLELISM.
Let's break the original sentence down:
Modifier: (Warning that computers in the United States are not secure,)
SUBJECT: the National Academy of Sciences
VERB: has urged the nation to
1. revamp (computer security procedures),
2. institute new emergency response teams, (creating a special nongovernment organization to take charge of computer security planning.)
3. ... and...
"Revamp" and "institute" in the non-underlined portion form part of a list, but there is no "and" connecting them. This tells us that "create" must be the 3rd list item, and we need "and" to connect the list: X, Y, and Z.
In the original, "creating..." is a participial phrase modifying the entire clause before it. This makes no sense - creating an organization for computer security planning doesn't give us additional information about anything previous. Eliminate A, B, and C.
The correct idiom is "create X to do Y" not "create X for doing Y." The correct answer is E.
Let's break the original sentence down:
Modifier: (Warning that computers in the United States are not secure,)
SUBJECT: the National Academy of Sciences
VERB: has urged the nation to
1. revamp (computer security procedures),
2. institute new emergency response teams, (creating a special nongovernment organization to take charge of computer security planning.)
3. ... and...
"Revamp" and "institute" in the non-underlined portion form part of a list, but there is no "and" connecting them. This tells us that "create" must be the 3rd list item, and we need "and" to connect the list: X, Y, and Z.
In the original, "creating..." is a participial phrase modifying the entire clause before it. This makes no sense - creating an organization for computer security planning doesn't give us additional information about anything previous. Eliminate A, B, and C.
The correct idiom is "create X to do Y" not "create X for doing Y." The correct answer is E.
Ceilidh Erickson
EdM in Mind, Brain, and Education
Harvard Graduate School of Education
EdM in Mind, Brain, and Education
Harvard Graduate School of Education
Warning that computers in the United States are not secure, the National Academy of Sciences has urged the nation to
revamp computer security procedures,
institute new emergency response teams,
creating a special nongovernment organization to take charge of computer security planning.
This is a parallel list of to revamp, institute and create…
(A) creating a special nongovernment organization to take
This list is not parallel
(B) creating a special nongovernment organization that takes
This list is not parallel
(C) creating a special nongovernment organization for taking
This list is not parallel
(D) and create a special nongovernment organization for taking
In this answer choice D and E there is only a difference between for and to.
… to …. Represents purpose which is clear in choice E. Hence this is a wrong answer
(E) and create a special nongovernment organization to take
This is correct answer choice.
revamp computer security procedures,
institute new emergency response teams,
creating a special nongovernment organization to take charge of computer security planning.
This is a parallel list of to revamp, institute and create…
(A) creating a special nongovernment organization to take
This list is not parallel
(B) creating a special nongovernment organization that takes
This list is not parallel
(C) creating a special nongovernment organization for taking
This list is not parallel
(D) and create a special nongovernment organization for taking
In this answer choice D and E there is only a difference between for and to.
… to …. Represents purpose which is clear in choice E. Hence this is a wrong answer
(E) and create a special nongovernment organization to take
This is correct answer choice.