Stymieing the Armada’s plans to meet up with the Duke of Parma’s army off the coast of Flanders in the Spanish Netherlands, the reason for the defeat of the Spanish Armada was not only due to gale winds that favored the British but also the sacrificing of eight war ships as “fireships,” vessels filled with pitch, brimstone, gunpowder, and tar and sent downwind toward the closely-anchored Spanish fleet.
a) Stymieing the Armada’s plans to meet up with the Duke of Parma’s army off the coast of Flanders in the Spanish Netherlands, the reason for the defeat of the Spanish Armada was not only due to gale winds that favored the British but also the sacrificing
b) The defeat of the Spanish Armada, which stymied the Armada’s plans to meet up with the Duke of Parma’s army off the coast of Flanders in the Spanish Netherlands, was not only due to gale winds that favored the British but also the sacrificing
c) The defeat of the Spanish Armada, which stymied the Armada’s plans to meet up with the Duke of Parma’s army off the coast of Flanders in the Spanish Netherlands, was not only due to gale winds that favored the British but also due to the sacrificing
d) Stymieing the Armada’s plans to meet up with the Duke of Parma’s army off the coast of Flanders in the Spanish Netherlands, the reason for the defeat of the Spanish Armada was not only gale winds that favored the British but also the sacrifice
e) Stymieing the Armada’s plans to meet up with the Duke of Parma’s army off the coast of Flanders in the Spanish Netherlands, the defeat of the Spanish Armada was due not only to gale winds that favored the British but also to the sacrifice
OA - E
Question :
(I) I am confused about "Stymieing the Armada’s plans to do X, the defeat of the Spanish Armada ...."
Here, since the introductory modifier is a participial modifier, don't we need an actor after the comma?
For instance, Stymieing at every turn, my brother waged a war with me. Here, my brother did "stymieing".
Am I correct?
(II) the official explanation says that "in C - The use of a “which” modifier (which must touch the thing that it modifies) implies that the Spanish Armada, not its defeat, stymied plans."
Why can't the "which" in C) refer to "the defeat of Spanish A" ? Can you please help me?
Voodoo Child[/list]
a) Stymieing the Armada’s plans to meet up with the Duke of Parma’s army off the coast of Flanders in the Spanish Netherlands, the reason for the defeat of the Spanish Armada was not only due to gale winds that favored the British but also the sacrificing
b) The defeat of the Spanish Armada, which stymied the Armada’s plans to meet up with the Duke of Parma’s army off the coast of Flanders in the Spanish Netherlands, was not only due to gale winds that favored the British but also the sacrificing
c) The defeat of the Spanish Armada, which stymied the Armada’s plans to meet up with the Duke of Parma’s army off the coast of Flanders in the Spanish Netherlands, was not only due to gale winds that favored the British but also due to the sacrificing
d) Stymieing the Armada’s plans to meet up with the Duke of Parma’s army off the coast of Flanders in the Spanish Netherlands, the reason for the defeat of the Spanish Armada was not only gale winds that favored the British but also the sacrifice
e) Stymieing the Armada’s plans to meet up with the Duke of Parma’s army off the coast of Flanders in the Spanish Netherlands, the defeat of the Spanish Armada was due not only to gale winds that favored the British but also to the sacrifice
OA - E
Question :
(I) I am confused about "Stymieing the Armada’s plans to do X, the defeat of the Spanish Armada ...."
Here, since the introductory modifier is a participial modifier, don't we need an actor after the comma?
For instance, Stymieing at every turn, my brother waged a war with me. Here, my brother did "stymieing".
Am I correct?
(II) the official explanation says that "in C - The use of a “which” modifier (which must touch the thing that it modifies) implies that the Spanish Armada, not its defeat, stymied plans."
Why can't the "which" in C) refer to "the defeat of Spanish A" ? Can you please help me?
Voodoo Child[/list]
