IMO:D

IMO B

The argument says the people who advocated totalitarian state where not influeneced by Rosa Luxemburg.

So option B says Every early-twentieth-century political philosopher who did not advocate a totalitarian state was influenced by Rosa Luxemburg.

Keywoed "Every" plays asignificant role here.

hope I am correct.

I would go for B as well. this sounds more logical than other options

IMO A

Every political philosopher of the early twentieth century who was either a socialist or a communist was influenced by Rosa Luxemburg.

Translates to -- > Every socialist political philosopher of early twentieth century was influenced by Rosa Luxemburg.


No one who was influenced by Rosa Luxemburg advocated a totalitarian state.

---> Together translate to

No early-twentieth-century socialist political philosopher advocated a totalitarian state.

IMO D. Choice A offers nothing about Rosa Luxemburg. Choice B assumes that there are only 3 political affiliations: totalitarian, socialist, or communist. There is nothing in the stem that mentions this.

Choice D explains just what the stem states - that anyone who was influenced by Rosa Luxemburg was either socialist or communist, and choice D states that if a person followed Rosa, and wasn't a socialist, then that person is a communist. Makes logical sense.

Reason for choosing A:

(B) What about early-twentieth-century political philosophers who did not fall into the 3 categories ? ( Socialist, Communist and totalitarian). Nothing in the stimulus indicates they were/were not influenced by Rosa Luxemburg.

(C)Stimulus do not confirm this. There might have been others ( other than Rosa Luxemburg) to influence every early-twentieth-century political philosopher who was either socialist or communist.

(D)Stimulus says every early-twentieth-century political philosopher who was a socialist or a communist was influenced by Rosa Luxemburg. It does not state the reverse : Every early-twentieth-century political philosopher who was influenced by Rosa Luxemburg was a socialist or a communist. Did Rosa Luxemburg influence any political philosopher who did not fall into the 3 categories? We cannot surely say this. The stimulus mentions nothing about this.

(E)The stimulus states the reverse. Again, what about political philosophers who did not fall into any of the 3 categories? They were not totalitarian and may not have been socialist or communist.


What is the OA for this?

I would go with option A.

It would be correct to consider early 20th century political philosophers who were either a socialist or a communist. We can ignore the rest. Hence they are the one to follow Luxemburg and would hence not advocate a totalitarian state.[/b]

OA A

I am leaning more towards A, but I'm not sure about it.