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ING as Gerung /Participle

Expert replies
by abcgmat » Tue Jul 10, 2012 1:55 am
Noting that the Federal Reserve had raised a key short-term interest rate last month, analysts said that they expected orders for durable goods to decline soon because rising interest rates makes it more expensive to buy them on credit.

A) rising interest rates makes it more expensive to buy them on credit.

B) rising interest rates make buying on credit more expensive

C) a rise in interest rates make it more expensive to buy on credit

D) a rise in interest rates make buying on credit more expensive

E) a rise in interest rates makes it more expensive for them to be bought on credit

[spoiler]OA:B[/spoiler]

Would like to know why
1. 'rising interest rates make buying on credit more expensive ' - the verb is plural Is the subject here interest rates

2. Eating chocolates is not good for health- Here verb is singular .
What is the difference between 2 sentences. In some cases the first ING-word acts as adjective and sometimes it act as subject. Can someone explain the difference and how to indentify if
the word in ING is an adjective or Noun in the sentence.
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Source: — Sentence Correction |

by GMATGuruNY » Tue Jul 10, 2012 2:41 am
abcgmat wrote:Noting that the Federal Reserve had raised a key short-term interest rate last month, analysts said that they expected orders for durable goods to decline soon because rising interest rates makes it more expensive to buy them on credit.

A) rising interest rates makes it more expensive to buy them on credit.

B) rising interest rates make buying on credit more expensive

C) a rise in interest rates make it more expensive to buy on credit

D) a rise in interest rates make buying on credit more expensive

E) a rise in interest rates makes it more expensive for them to be bought on credit

[spoiler]OA:B[/spoiler]

Would like to know why
1. 'rising interest rates make buying on credit more expensive ' - the verb is plural Is the subject here interest rates

2. Eating chocolates is not good for health- Here verb is singular .
What is the difference between 2 sentences. In some cases the first ING-word acts as adjective and sometimes it act as subject. Can someone explain the difference and how to indentify if
the word in ING is an adjective or Noun in the sentence.
Rising interest rates make buying on credit more expensive.
Here, rising serves as an ADJECTIVE modifying interest rates.
What KIND of interest rates make buying on credit more expensive?
RISING interest rates.
The interest rates themselves are RISING.

Eating chocolate provides health benefits.
Here, eating does NOT serve as an adjective: clearly, the chocolate itself is not EATING.
Rather, eating serves as a NOUN -- specifically, as the SUBJECT of the sentence.
WHAT action provides health benefits?
EATING chocolate.
Chocolate serves not as the subject of the sentence but as the DIRECT OBJECT of eating.
WHAT are people eating?
They are eating CHOCOLATE.
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by abcgmat » Tue Jul 10, 2012 3:10 am
Could you confirm if my understanding is correct

Declining wedding invitations is not good for the greeting card industry
--It answers two things
a. what king of wedding invitations is not good for the greeting card industry
b. Also Wedding invitations itself is decreasing
so the 'Declining' here is Adjective
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