GMATPrep : Although she had been known as an effective legis

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NandishSS: Master | Next Rank: 500 Posts; Posts: 366; Joined: Fri Jun 05, 2015 3:35 amFollowed by: 2 members; Thanked: 3 times

by NandishSS » Sat Oct 14, 2017 10:48 pm

Although she had been known as an effective legislator first in the Texas Senate and later in the United States House of Representatives, not until Barbara Jordan's participation in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon in 1974 was she made a nationally recognized figure, as it was televised nationwide.

A. later in the United States House of Representatives, not until Barbara Jordan's participation in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon in 1974 was she made a nationally recognized figure, as it was
B. later in the United States House of Representatives, Barbara Jordan did not become a nationally recognized figure until 1974, when she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which were
C. later in the Untied States House of Representatives, it was not until 1974 that Barbara Jordan became a nationally recognized figure, with her participation in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which was
D. then also later in the United States House of Representatives, not until 1974 did Barbara Jordan become a nationally recognized figure, as she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, being
E. then also later in the United States House of Representatives, Barbara Jordan did not become a nationally recognized figure until 1974, when she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which was

OA: B

HI Experts,

This Question seems to be tricky!!! I eliminated A B'coz She is referring to Possessive noun!!!

Can you pls help to eliminate other options?

Thanks
Nandish

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Source: Beat The GMAT — Sentence Correction | Sat Oct 14, 2017 10:48 pm

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ceilidh.erickson: GMAT Instructor; Posts: 2095; Joined: Tue Dec 04, 2012 3:22 pmFollowed by: 247 members; Thanked: 1443 times

by ceilidh.erickson » Mon Oct 16, 2017 9:29 am

Whenever a pronoun such as "she" is used in a dependent clause or modifying phrase before its antecedent (the noun that it replaces), that antecedent should be the SUBJECT of the main clause.

Thus, when the sentence begins with "Although she had been known as an effective legislator...", the subject of the main clause should be Barbara Jordan.

Although she had been known as an effective legislator first in the Texas Senate and later in the United States House of Representatives, not until Barbara Jordan's participation in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon in 1974 was she made a nationally recognized figure, as it was televised nationwide.

A. later in the United States House of Representatives, not until Barbara Jordan's participation in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon in 1974 was she made a nationally recognized figure, as it was
This is a complicated idiomatic construction with inverted subject/verb order. Suffice it to say that our main clause does not begin with "Barbara Jordan" as the subject.

B. later in the United States House of Representatives, Barbara Jordan did not become a nationally recognized figure until 1974, when she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which were
Correct!

C. later in the Untied States House of Representatives, it was not until 1974 that Barbara Jordan became a nationally recognized figure, with her participation in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which was
- "it" is the subject, not Barbara Jordan.
- "which was" implies that the impeachment was televised, rather than the hearings.

D. then also later in the United States House of Representatives, not until 1974 did Barbara Jordan become a nationally recognized figure, as she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, being
- "then also later" is redundant
- convoluted structure - Barbara Jordan is not the clear antecedent of "she"
- "being televised" is unclear - what exactly was being televised and when?
- "as she participated" has a slight meaning shift. This could imply that these events merely happened at the same time; we want to imply that her notoriety was CAUSED by this televised event.

E. then also later in the United States House of Representatives, Barbara Jordan did not become a nationally recognized figure until 1974, when she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which was
- "then also later" is redundant
- "which was" implies that the impeachment was televised, rather than the hearings.

The answer is B.

Ceilidh Erickson
EdM in Mind, Brain, and Education
Harvard Graduate School of Education

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ceilidh.erickson: GMAT Instructor; Posts: 2095; Joined: Tue Dec 04, 2012 3:22 pmFollowed by: 247 members; Thanked: 1443 times

by ceilidh.erickson » Mon Oct 16, 2017 1:32 pm

For more on when to correctly use pronouns BEFORE the nouns that they replace, see:
https://www.beatthegmat.com/gprep-sc-9-t ... tml#778215
https://www.beatthegmat.com/general-doub ... tml#797664
https://www.beatthegmat.com/general-sc-c ... tml#554736

Ceilidh Erickson
EdM in Mind, Brain, and Education
Harvard Graduate School of Education

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GMATGuruNY: GMAT Instructor; Posts: 15539; Joined: Tue May 25, 2010 12:04 pmFollowed by: 1906 members; Location: New York, NY; Thanked: 13060 times; GMAT Score:790

Topic Reply - GMATPrep : Although she had been known as an e

by GMATGuruNY » Tue Oct 17, 2017 3:34 am

As Ceilidh mentions above:
When an introductory modifier includes a pronoun without an antecedent, the referent must be the SUBJECT OF THE FOLLOWING CLAUSE, and this subject must BEGIN the following clause.
Consider the following examples from the OG12:

Q7: As ITS sales of computer products have surpassed those of measuring instruments, THE COMPANY...
Q28: Building on civilizations that preceded THEM in coastal Peru, THE MOCHICA...
Q31: Even though many of HER colleagues were convinced that genes were relatively simple and static, BARBARA MCCLINTOCK...

In each case, the introductory modifier includes a pronoun without an antecedent.
In each case, the referent is the subject of the following clause.
In each case, the subject/referent BEGINS the following clause.

NandishSS wrote: in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon in 1974 was she made a nationally recognized figure, as it was[/u] televised nationwide.

A. later in the United States House of Representatives, not until Barbara Jordan's participation in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon in 1974 was she made a nationally recognized figure, as it was
B. later in the United States House of Representatives, Barbara Jordan did not become a nationally recognized figure until 1974, when she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which were
C. later in the Untied States House of Representatives, it was not until 1974 that Barbara Jordan became a nationally recognized figure, with her participation in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which was
D. then also later in the United States House of Representatives, not until 1974 did Barbara Jordan become a nationally recognized figure, as she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, being
E. then also later in the United States House of Representatives, Barbara Jordan did not become a nationally recognized figure until 1974, when she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which was

A: Although she had been known as an effective legislator, not until Barbara Jordan's participation
Here, the intended referent for she (an introductory pronoun without an antecedent) is NOT the subject of the following clause (participation).
Eliminate A.

C: Although she had been known as an effective legislator, it was not until 1974 that Barbara Jordan
D: Although she had been known as an effective legislator, not until 1974 did Barbara Jordan
In these options, the intended referent for she -- Barbara Jordan -- does not begin the following clause.
Eliminate C and D.

impeachment = a charge of misconduct.
hearings = legal proceedings.
E: hearings on the impeachment of Richard Nixon, which was televised
Here, which was (which + SINGULAR VERB) seems to refer to the impeachment -- the nearest preceding singular nonperson noun -- implying that a CHARGE OF MISCONDUCT was TELEVISED.
Not the intended meaning.
The intended meaning is that the HEARINGS -- in other words, the LEGAL PROCEEDINGS -- were televised.
Eliminate E.

The correct answer is B.

Last edited by GMATGuruNY on Tue Oct 17, 2017 6:35 am, edited 1 time in total.

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NandishSS: Master | Next Rank: 500 Posts; Posts: 366; Joined: Fri Jun 05, 2015 3:35 amFollowed by: 2 members; Thanked: 3 times

by NandishSS » Tue Oct 17, 2017 6:25 am

Hi Ceilidh & Mitch,

It would be the injustice if I don't thank you. So Thank You to have a Verbal Wizard like you. Every time I see your post, my mind says there are a lot of things still to learn.

Happy Prepping

Thanks
Nandish

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ceilidh.erickson: GMAT Instructor; Posts: 2095; Joined: Tue Dec 04, 2012 3:22 pmFollowed by: 247 members; Thanked: 1443 times

by ceilidh.erickson » Sat Oct 21, 2017 11:05 am

NandishSS wrote:Hi Ceilidh & Mitch,

It would be the injustice if I don't thank you. So Thank You to have a Verbal Wizard like you. Every time I see your post, my mind says there are a lot of things still to learn.

Happy Prepping

Thanks
Nandish

That's so kind of you to say! We're happy to help.

Ceilidh Erickson
EdM in Mind, Brain, and Education
Harvard Graduate School of Education

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