Of patients over 65 years old who survived coronary bypass surgery-a procedure widely prescribed for people with heart disease-only 75 percent benefited from the surgery. Thus it appears that for one in four such patients, the doctors who advised them to undergo this surgery, with its attendant risks and expense, were more interested in an opportunity to practice their skills and in their fee than in helping the patient.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the argument?
A.Many of the patients who receive coronary bypass surgery are less than 55 years old.
B.Possible benefits of coronary bypass surgery include both relief from troubling symptoms and prolongation of life.
C.Most of the patients in the survey decided to undergo coronary bypass surgery because they were advised that the surgery would reduce their risk of future heart attacks.
D.The patients over 65 years old who did not benefit from the coronary bypass surgery were as fully informed as those who did benefit from the surgery as to the risks of the surgery prior to undergoing it.
E.The patients who underwent coronary bypass surgery but who did not benefit from it were medically indistinguishable, prior to their surgery, from the patients who did benefit.
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OA: E
So, obviously people have already posted about this somewhere else and I have read through the explanations about the correct answer. I understand why the correct answer is correct, but everytime someone asks why D is not correct, the thread ends.
May I trouble an expert to explain why D is incorrect? (and I may have missed a previous explanation on this if it's already been done elsewhere - if so, I apologize for the repetition. It's such a HUGE forum!)
Thank you!
Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the argument?
A.Many of the patients who receive coronary bypass surgery are less than 55 years old.
B.Possible benefits of coronary bypass surgery include both relief from troubling symptoms and prolongation of life.
C.Most of the patients in the survey decided to undergo coronary bypass surgery because they were advised that the surgery would reduce their risk of future heart attacks.
D.The patients over 65 years old who did not benefit from the coronary bypass surgery were as fully informed as those who did benefit from the surgery as to the risks of the surgery prior to undergoing it.
E.The patients who underwent coronary bypass surgery but who did not benefit from it were medically indistinguishable, prior to their surgery, from the patients who did benefit.
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OA: E
So, obviously people have already posted about this somewhere else and I have read through the explanations about the correct answer. I understand why the correct answer is correct, but everytime someone asks why D is not correct, the thread ends.
May I trouble an expert to explain why D is incorrect? (and I may have missed a previous explanation on this if it's already been done elsewhere - if so, I apologize for the repetition. It's such a HUGE forum!)
Thank you!
