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Find the remainder

Expert replies
Source: — Problem Solving |

Re: Find the remainder

by Ian Stewart » Sat Jul 26, 2008 10:11 am
sudhir3127 wrote:Find the remainder of

(2222^5555 + 5555^7777)/7

Answer will follow soon....
Well, this isn't a real GMAT question. I'd use modular arithmetic, which you don't need for the GMAT. By ~, I mean 'congruent to' (if anyone reading this doesn't know what that means, don't worry about it!).

2222 ~ 3 mod 7
2222^5555 ~ 3^5555 mod 7
3^5555 = (3^2)*(3^5553) = (3^2)*[(3^3)^1851]

Since 3^3 = 27 ~ -1 mod 7, we have

(3^2)*[(3^3)^1851] ~ 2*(-1)^1851 mod 7 ~ -2 mod 7 ~ 5 mod 7.

So the remainder is 5 when 2222^5555 is divided by 7.

Similarly for 5555^7777:

5555 ~ 4 mod 7
4^7777 = 4 * 4^7776 = 4 * (4^3)^2592 ~ 4 * 1^2592 mod 7 ~ 4 mod 7.

(here, using that 4^3 ~ 1 mod 7).

So

(2222^5555 + 5555^7777) ~ 4+ 5 mod 7 ~ 2 mod 7.

The remainder should be 2, unless I've made an arithmetic mistake, which wouldn't surprise me, considering how quickly I'm doing this.
For online GMAT math tutoring, or to buy my higher-level Quant books and problem sets, contact me at ianstewartgmat at gmail.com

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by sudhir3127 » Sat Jul 26, 2008 10:18 am
thanks a lot Ian ... i used exactly the same approach ...

Hope not to see such questions on GMAT :)
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Re: Find the remainder

by acecoolan » Sat Jul 26, 2008 6:28 pm
Ian Stewart wrote:
sudhir3127 wrote:Find the remainder of

(2222^5555 + 5555^7777)/7

Answer will follow soon....
Well, this isn't a real GMAT question. I'd use modular arithmetic, which you don't need for the GMAT. By ~, I mean 'congruent to' (if anyone reading this doesn't know what that means, don't worry about it!).

2222 ~ 3 mod 7
2222^5555 ~ 3^5555 mod 7
3^5555 = (3^2)*(3^5553) = (3^2)*[(3^3)^1851]

Since 3^3 = 27 ~ -1 mod 7, we have

(3^2)*[(3^3)^1851] ~ 2*(-1)^1851 mod 7 ~ -2 mod 7 ~ 5 mod 7.

So the remainder is 5 when 2222^5555 is divided by 7.

Similarly for 5555^7777:

5555 ~ 4 mod 7
4^7777 = 4 * 4^7776 = 4 * (4^3)^2592 ~ 4 * 1^2592 mod 7 ~ 4 mod 7.

(here, using that 4^3 ~ 1 mod 7).

So

(2222^5555 + 5555^7777) ~ 4+ 5 mod 7 ~ 2 mod 7.

The remainder should be 2, unless I've made an arithmetic mistake, which wouldn't surprise me, considering how quickly I'm doing this.
How is 2222 congruent to 3 mod 7 and 5555 congruent to 4 mod 7? What does congruent mean in this context ? I am totally lost ....
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Re: Find the remainder

by Ian Stewart » Sat Jul 26, 2008 7:17 pm
acecoolan wrote: How is 2222 congruent to 3 mod 7 and 5555 congruent to 4 mod 7? What does congruent mean in this context ? I am totally lost ....
As I said above, you don't need any of this for the GMAT. 'Congruent to' means 'has the same remainder as', and when you learn 'modular arithmetic', you learn how to do arithmetic with remainders -that's all I was doing above. Still, if you're preparing for the GMAT, you don't need to worry about any of this.
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