In terms of physics, the characteristic feature of the roller coaster is that the cars' potential energy, gained through their being lifted by a chain drive through the Earth's gravity to the top of the first drop, has been converted to kinetic energy by the time the ride ends.
(A) cars' potential energy, gained through their being lifted by a chain drive
(B) cars' potential energy, a gain achieved as they are lifted by a chain drive
(C) potential energy from the cars' being lifted by a chain drive
(D) potential energy of the cars, gained as a chain drive lifts them
(E) potential energy gained by the cars, being achieved while a chain drive lifts them
OA is D. I btw A and D.
For me D has a flaw, since the modifier (“gained as a chain drive...”) should describe the nearest noun (in D it is "cars" rather than "energy", so the sentence does not make sense). So I take A, which has several flaws as well (e.g. "being"), but this option make sense.
Please, explain when the modifier can describe the noun, which is not the nearest to modifier.
(A) cars' potential energy, gained through their being lifted by a chain drive
(B) cars' potential energy, a gain achieved as they are lifted by a chain drive
(C) potential energy from the cars' being lifted by a chain drive
(D) potential energy of the cars, gained as a chain drive lifts them
(E) potential energy gained by the cars, being achieved while a chain drive lifts them
OA is D. I btw A and D.
For me D has a flaw, since the modifier (“gained as a chain drive...”) should describe the nearest noun (in D it is "cars" rather than "energy", so the sentence does not make sense). So I take A, which has several flaws as well (e.g. "being"), but this option make sense.
Please, explain when the modifier can describe the noun, which is not the nearest to modifier.
