Hmm,
1) B is wrong, Reason: Look at the part after the underlined part in the original sentence "the solar system's largest planet"...now B ends in jupiter's mass. Can jupiter's mass be the largest planet???
2) I agree that you(or anyone) would eliminate the options based on your knowledge/information about the correct idiom or pattern. But my suggestion to you(or to anyone else facing a similar situation) is that before you mark a option and confirm the answer please read the entire sentence again(with your option plugged in) and be convinced that your choice make sense to you or in other word you should be convinced bout the option you ve selected.