Someone can reply with the answer to this question. Does GMAT use standard rounding (next digit 0,1,2,3,4 keep the number, next digit 5,6,7,8,9 add one to the number), or does GMAT use banker's rounding? Banker's rounding changes if the next digit is 5. If it's 5 and nothing follows it (or only 0's) then if the preceding number is even keep it, but if the preceding number is odd round up to the even number.
.145 Standard rounded to nearest hundredth is .15, but banker's rounded to nearest hundredth is .14.
The following answer assumes standard rounding.
Anticipate needed info: the statement must somehow deliver a definite value for p and q. If either p or q can be more than one value, then the statement isn't sufficient.
12.0000 - 10.6pq5 = x. That means 12 - x = 10.6pq5
1. When z is rounded to nearest thousanth, 12 - z = 1.324. 12 - 1.324 = z (rounded) = 10.676. Since the last digit of z is 5, the third (thousandths) digit rounded up from 5 to 6. That means z was originally 10.6755. 12-10.6755 = 1.3245. Sufficient. Eliminate B, C, and E. A and D are possible answers.
2. When z is rounded to the nearest hundredth, 12 - z = 1.32. That means z (rounded to nearest hundredth) is 12-1.32 = 10.68. The next number, q, could be anything. It could be 0,1,2,3,4 which made q=8 (it stayed the same when rounded.) q could be 5,6,7,8,9 which made p=7 (it went up when rounded). 2. doesn't provide a definitive value for p or q. It isn't sufficient. Eliminate D.
A is the answer.
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