Live GMAT classes with Target Test Prep start Nov 21 and Nov 22. First class free.

See classes
Target Test Prep · GMAT

Choose how you want to prepare

Learn live with an expert or move at your own pace. Every option includes the complete TTP study system.

Newsweek Readers’ Choice Awards 2026 winner: Target Test Prep, #1 Test Prep

Target Test Prep was voted #1 Best Test Prep in the 2026 Newsweek Readers’ Choice™ Awards.

★★★★★5.0563 reviews
GMATLiveTeachStarts Nov 22
Josh Braslow, Target Test Prep GMAT expert
LIVE ONLINE CLASSES

Get Ready for GMAT Test Day Faster with Live Online Classes

with Josh Braslow, 20+ years in test prep

Nov 22 · Josh Braslow
Sun · 9:30 AM to 12:30 PM ET
Included
40 hours of live online classes + 6 months of TTP OnDemand
  • Attend the first class for free
  • Every class is recorded, so you never fall behind
View classes & enroll
Limited seats availableTarget Test Prep
EALiveTeachOnDemandStart anytime
EXECUTIVE ASSESSMENT

Target Test Prep EA OnDemand

Self-paced EA prep. Study on your schedule.

EXECUTIVE ASSESSMENT

with

165+ EA score guarantee
$05-day trial no automatic billing
Schedule
Included
40 hours of live online classes plus six months of access to the complete TTP EA OnDemand course.
  • 165+ EA Score Guarantee
  • 4,100+ Quant, Verbal, and Integrated Reasoning practice questions
  • 400+ hours of in-depth video lessons
  • 3,000+ step-by-step video solutions
View EA class & enroll Start free 5-day trial
Limited cohort · enrollment openTrial includes full course accessTarget Test Prep
GMATOnDemandStart anytime
SELF-PACED MASTERCLASS

Target Test Prep GMAT OnDemand

Complete access from day one. Study on your schedule.

715+ score guarantee
$0to start then $127/mo
  • Personalized study plan and analytics
  • Thousands of lessons and practice questions

Causal Reasoning

Expert replies
by goelmohit2002 » Sat Sep 26, 2009 5:12 am
Hi All,

In the causal reasoning chapter powerscore CR bible says the following are the five ways to weaken the arguement involving the causal reasoning.

[spoiler]Can someone please give one example of "B".....as it is not given in powerscore book....basically if we are able to show mere say 1% cases where the cause occurs but effect does not occur....will it weaken the argument ?
[/spoiler]

=====================================================
a) find an alternate cause for stated effect.
b) show that even when he cause occurs, the effect does not occur.
c) show that although the effect occurs, the cause did not occur.
d) show that the stated relationship is in fact reversed.
e) Show a statistical problem exists with the data used to make the causal statement.
Join the discussion
Source: — Critical Reasoning |

by kyabe » Sat Sep 26, 2009 6:27 am
Yes it will.. Anywayz classic example is of a rooster which says cock-a-doodle-doo before the sunrise.

Now it can be assumed that the sunrise is the effect of the rooster's cock-a-doodle-doo.

But in reality we konw that its not.. Does this helps?
Join the discussion

by goelmohit2002 » Sat Sep 26, 2009 6:33 am
kyabe wrote:Yes it will.. Anywayz classic example is of a rooster which says cock-a-doodle-doo before the sunrise.

Now it can be assumed that the sunrise is the effect of the rooster's cock-a-doodle-doo.

But in reality we konw that its not.. Does this helps?
Hi Kyabe,

I guess the above example of rooster is corelation taken as causation....

But IMO B is different....B says cause exists but effect is not there....

I hope I am clear in my doubt.
Join the discussion

by hitmewithgmat » Sun Sep 27, 2009 12:39 pm
Let's do diagramming for visual effect.
ex. X(cause) -----------> Y (effect)

a) find an alternate cause for stated effect.
Z(3rd factor)----->Y

b) show that even when he cause occurs, the effect does not occur.
X------> ~Y

c) show that although the effect occurs, the cause did not occur.
~X ---->Y

d) show that the stated relationship is in fact reversed.
Y---->X

e) Show a statistical problem exists with the data used to make the causal statement.
Disclaimer-I am not a GMAT savvy yet, but I am learning everyday with my fellow beatthegmat citizens.

I AM DETERMINED TO CRASH/NIX OUT/ATTACK BRUTALLY/CRACK VERBAL PART OF GMAT. ROAR!
Join the discussion