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Arithmetic

Expert replies
by BTGmoderatorRO » Fri Jan 05, 2018 6:16 am
Which of the following CANNOT be a factor of the number N = 527,P90? P is the hundred's digit of N.

A. 9
B. 3
C. 4
D. 7
E. 10

OA is C
Do I really need a formula to solve this? I want an Expert contribution, please. Thanks
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Source: — Problem Solving |

by GMATGuruNY » Fri Jan 05, 2018 6:21 am
Roland2rule wrote:Which of the following CANNOT be a factor of the number N = 527,P90? P is the hundred's digit of N.

A. 9
B. 3
C. 4
D. 7
E. 10
A number is divisible by 4 only if its last two digits form an integer that is divisible by 4.
Here, the last two digits of N form 90, which is not divisible by 4.
Thus -- regardless of the value of the hundreds digit -- 4 cannot be a factor of N.

The correct answer is C.
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by [email protected] » Fri Jan 05, 2018 10:44 am
Hi Roland2rule,

We're asked which of the following CANNOT be a factor of the number 527,P90 where P is the hundred's digit of the number. This question comes down to 'rules of division' - and knowing those rules can save you some time on Test Day.

Mitch's solution is spot-on and ultimately the fastest way to get to the correct answer. Here are the other rules that apply to this question though:

1) A number is evenly divisible by 3 or 9 if the DIGITS of that number sum to a total that is divisible by 3 or 9 (respectively). Here, if P=1, then 527,190 has digits that sum to 24 and since 24 is evenly divisible by 3, then 527,190 is evenly divisible by 3. In that same way, if P=4, then 527,490 has digits that sum to 27 and since 27 is evenly divisible by 9, then 527,490 is evenly divisible by 9.

2) 527,P90 ends in a '0', so it's clearly divisible by 10.

3) There is a 'quirky' divisibility rule for 7s, but it's a bit tougher to apply it here since P takes the place of one of the digits, so brute-force arithmetic might be the easiest way to prove that 7 will divide in. When P=5, 7 evenly divides in to 527,590

Final Answer: C

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