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arc of a circle

Expert replies
Source: — Problem Solving |

by GMATGuruNY » Tue Aug 02, 2011 12:17 pm
Image

The problem states that r = 5.
Thus, circumference = 2�r = 10�.
Perimeter of shaded region = arc CAE + CB + EB.

Arc CAE:
Since AB || CD, x=30.
Thus, ∠CBE = 60.
∠CBE is an inscribed angle that intercepts arc CAE.
When an inscribed angle intercepts an arc, the degree measurement of the intercepted arc is twice that of the inscribed angle.
Thus, arc CAE = 2*60 = 120 degrees.
Since 120/360 = 1/3, arc CAE is 1/3 of the circumference.
Thus, arc CAE = (1/3) * 10� = (10/3)�.

CB + EB:
The length of CB is more than the radius of 5 but less than the diameter of 10.
Same for EB.
CB + EB ≈ 8+8 ≈ 16.

Thus:
Perimeter ≈ (10/3)� + 16.

Looking at the answer choices:
Image

Only answer choice D works:
(10/3)� + 10√3 ≈ (10/3)� + 10*(1.7) ≈ (10/3)� + 17.

The correct answer is D.
Last edited by GMATGuruNY on Tue Aug 02, 2011 12:34 pm, edited 1 time in total.
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by ruplun » Tue Aug 02, 2011 12:33 pm
We can connect the line CA and AE are we get a 30-60-90 triangles in both the cases and then we can compute the lengths of the 2 sides reqd...
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by juggler » Tue Aug 02, 2011 12:53 pm
vowwwwthis takes me 10 menutes
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by gmatboost » Tue Aug 02, 2011 6:58 pm
Another way you might save a little time here is to
  1. Draw radii OC and OE
  2. Recognize that OCB and OEB are 30-30-120 triangles
  3. Use the fact that the ratio of sides in such a triangle is 1:1:root(3) to get CB = EB = 5*root(3)
30-30-120 triangles obviously aren't the most common ones, but they aren't unheard of either. You can derive the ratio above by drawing a 30-30-120, splitting it into two 30-60-90 triangles by drawing a line from the middle of the longest side to the opposite corner, and then applying what you know about the side ratios in 30-60-90's.
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by sumgb » Fri Aug 12, 2011 3:14 pm
Recognize that OCB and OEB are 30-30-120 triangles
Use the fact that the ratio of sides in such a triangle is 1:1:root(3) to get CB = EB = 5*root(3)
Great. Thanks for sharing.
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