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Among developing nations

Expert replies
by akhpad » Sat Aug 21, 2010 9:32 pm
Source: Veritas Prep

Among developing nations, Latin American states are more likely than Asian nations to place power in the hands of communist-leaning chieftains creating hostile environments for Western firms and discouraging aid groups from undertaking development initiatives, and prefer unconditional loans.

A: creating hostile environments for Western firms and discouraging aid groups from undertaking development initiatives, and prefer
B: creating hostile environments for Western firms, discouraging aid groups from undertaking development initiatives, and preferring
C: that create hostile environments for Western firms and discourage aid groups from undertaking development initiatives, and prefer
D: that create hostile environments for Western firms and discourage aid groups from undertaking development initiatives, preferring
E: that create hostile environments for Western firms, discouraging aid groups from undertaking development initiatives and preferring

OA: D

Lets D take
Noun Modifier: that create hostile environments for Western firms
Noun modifier: that discourage aid groups from undertaking development initiatives
COMMA+ING: preferring unconditional loans

Someone can shed some light on these.

Confusing construction.
Last edited by akhpad on Sun Aug 22, 2010 12:16 am, edited 1 time in total.
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Source: — Sentence Correction |

by this_time_i_will » Sat Aug 21, 2010 10:33 pm
Indeed a good question.
I solved this by asking the question: who would prefer unconditional loan? clearly aids group. lets look at D first, IMO the right option.

D:...create.....and discourage are parallel and are the main clauses. The trailing "-ing" modifier after comma modifies the clause started by and discourage aid groups from undertaking development initiatives

A: This construction will make the sentence having main parts as: ...Latin American states are ...likely....to place...and prefer unconditional loan. prefer unconditional loan wrongly modifies Latin American states.

B: This construction would mean that communist-leaning chieftains prefer unconditional loans. nonsense!

C: SImilar to A above.

E:Hostile environments preferring unconditional loans. nonsense!
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by FightWithGMAT » Sat Aug 21, 2010 11:42 pm
akhp77 wrote:Source: Veritas Prep

Among developing nations, Latin American states are more likely than Asian nations to place power in the hands of communist-leaning chieftains creating hostile environments for Western firms and discouraging aid groups from undertaking development initiatives, and prefer unconditional loans.

A: creating hostile environments for Western firms and discouraging aid groups from undertaking development initiatives, and prefer
B: creating hostile environments for Western firms, discouraging aid groups from undertaking development initiatives, and preferring
C: that create hostile environments for Western firms and discourage aid groups from undertaking development initiatives, and prefer
D: that create hostile environments for Western firms and discourage aid groups from undertaking development initiatives, preferring
E: that create hostile environments for Western firms, discouraging aid groups from undertaking development initiatives and preferring

Lets D take
Noun Modifier: that create hostile environments for Western firms
Noun modifier: discourage aid groups from undertaking development initiatives
COMMA+ING: preferring unconditional loans

Someone can shed some light on these.

Confusing construction.
IMO E

discouragement and preference come as effect of hostile environment.
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by shweta.kalra » Sun Aug 22, 2010 3:32 am
what does "preferring unconditional loans" modifies?
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by bitsho » Sun Aug 22, 2010 4:26 am
IMO "preferring unconditional loans" modifies the entire previous clause . However , can any one shed some light why "E" is wrong
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by pesfunk » Tue Nov 09, 2010 8:56 am
Preferring unconditional loans should be the part of development initiatives.
Since an "and" is added in E which is not found in D, "preferring unconditional loans" becomes a part of "Latin american states" which is incorrect.

bitsho wrote:IMO "preferring unconditional loans" modifies the entire previous clause . However , can any one shed some light why "E" is wrong
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