Although she had been known as an effective legislator first

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abhasjha: Master | Next Rank: 500 Posts; Posts: 379; Joined: Tue Sep 30, 2008 7:17 amFollowed by: 11 members; Location: NY; Thanked: 28 times

by abhasjha » Thu May 15, 2014 1:10 am

Although she had been known as an effective legislator first in the Texas Senate and later in the United States House of Representatives, not until Barbara Jordan's participation in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon in 1974 was she made a nationally recognized figure, as it was televised nationwide.

A. later in the United States House of Representatives, not until Barbara Jordan's participation in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon in
1974 was she made a nationally recognized figure, as it was

B. later in the United States House of Representatives, Barbara Jordan did not become a nationally recognized figure until 1974, when she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which were

C. later in the Untied States House of Representatives, it was not until 1974 that Barbara Jordan became a nationally recognized figure, with her participation in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which was

D. then also later in the United States House of Representatives, not until 1974 did Barbara Jordan become a nationally recognized figure, as she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, being

E. then also later in the United States House of Representatives, Barbara Jordan did not become a nationally recognized figure until 1974, when she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which was

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Source: Beat The GMAT — Sentence Correction | Thu May 15, 2014 1:10 am

aditya8062: Legendary Member; Posts: 774; Joined: Mon Jan 23, 2012 4:32 amFollowed by: 14 members; Thanked: 46 times

by aditya8062 » Thu May 15, 2014 2:23 am

B seems good

i am just pointing out some major errors
following bold portions are wrong

A. later in the United States House of Representatives, not until Barbara Jordan's participation in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon in
1974 was she made a nationally recognized figure, as it was---->there is no noun "Barbara Jordan" for pronoun "she"

B. later in the United States House of Representatives, Barbara Jordan did not become a nationally recognized figure until 1974, when she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which were---->correct

C. later in the Untied States House of Representatives, it was not until 1974 that Barbara Jordan became a nationally recognized figure, with her participation in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which was---->this one i will treat later but yes it is little bad

D. then also later in the United States House of Representatives, not until 1974 did Barbara Jordan become a nationally recognized figure, as she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, being---->"then" and "later" seems redundant

E. then also later in the United States House of Representatives, Barbara Jordan did not become a nationally recognized figure until 1974, when she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which was----->"then" and "later" seems redundant

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aditya8062: Legendary Member; Posts: 774; Joined: Mon Jan 23, 2012 4:32 amFollowed by: 14 members; Thanked: 46 times

by aditya8062 » Thu May 15, 2014 3:05 am

treatment of option C

C says : later in the Untied States House of Representatives, it was not until 1974 that Barbara Jordan became a nationally recognized figure, with her participation in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which was

honestly i feel there is nothing grammatically wrong with C .here is my logic. people might argue that "which was" is wrong in C but i feel that "which" can refer to "impeachment" as well!!
for instance we can say : impeachment of Bill Clinton was televised nationwide

also "with her participation in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon" is not wrong grammatically .this expression can serve as an adverbial modifier to previous clause
however there is a problem in such construction
such construction such as main clause,modifier,modifier are normally less preferred in GMAT than the one in correct answer !!
also "when she participated in the hearings" is much better construction than "with her participation in the hearings"

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AnjaliOberoi: Master | Next Rank: 500 Posts; Posts: 223; Joined: Thu Dec 05, 2013 4:22 amFollowed by: 8 members; Thanked: 12 times

by AnjaliOberoi » Thu May 15, 2014 6:44 am

A. later in the United States House of Representatives, not until Barbara Jordan's participation in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon in
1974 was she made a nationally recognized figure, as it was - misplaced modifier

B. later in the United States House of Representatives, Barbara Jordan did not become a nationally recognized figure until 1974, when she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which were - correct

C. later in the Untied States House of Representatives, it was not until 1974 that Barbara Jordan became a nationally recognized figure, with her participation in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which was - misplaced modifier

D. then also later in the United States House of Representatives, not until 1974 did Barbara Jordan become a nationally recognized figure, as she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, being - misplaced modifier

E. then also later in the United States House of Representatives, Barbara Jordan did not become a nationally recognized figure until 1974, when she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which was - SVA issue

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ceilidh.erickson: GMAT Instructor; Posts: 2095; Joined: Tue Dec 04, 2012 3:22 pmFollowed by: 247 members; Thanked: 1443 times

by ceilidh.erickson » Fri May 16, 2014 10:07 am

Whenever a pronoun is introduced in a subordinate clause before the antecedent (the noun that it's replacing), that noun needs to be the SUBJECT of the independent clause right after. So if a sentence begins:
Although she ...,
then what comes after the comma must be the noun that "she" is standing in for:
Although she ..., Barbara Jordan...

We can eliminate A, C, and D because they do not have "Barbara Jordan" after the comma.

We can eliminate E because "first X, then also later Y" is redundant. "Which was" incorrectly modifies "impeachment," but we need that clause to modify "the hearings," which were what was broadcast on tv.

The correct answer is B.

Ceilidh Erickson
EdM in Mind, Brain, and Education
Harvard Graduate School of Education

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ceilidh.erickson: GMAT Instructor; Posts: 2095; Joined: Tue Dec 04, 2012 3:22 pmFollowed by: 247 members; Thanked: 1443 times

by ceilidh.erickson » Fri May 16, 2014 10:09 am

For more on putting pronouns before antecedents, see:
https://www.beatthegmat.com/general-sc-c ... tml#554736

Ceilidh Erickson
EdM in Mind, Brain, and Education
Harvard Graduate School of Education

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aditya8062: Legendary Member; Posts: 774; Joined: Mon Jan 23, 2012 4:32 amFollowed by: 14 members; Thanked: 46 times

by aditya8062 » Fri May 16, 2014 10:35 am

ceilidh.erickson wrote: Whenever a pronoun is introduced in a subordinate clause before the antecedent (the noun that it's replacing), that noun needs to be the SUBJECT of the independent clause right after.

Ceilidh dont u think that this rule applies to modifiers and not to complete clauses .i remember one RON's post in which he had specifically stated this difference between initial modifiers and initial clauses

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jain2016: Master | Next Rank: 500 Posts; Posts: 313; Joined: Tue Oct 13, 2015 7:01 am; Thanked: 2 times

by jain2016 » Mon May 09, 2016 10:34 am

Hi Experts ,

Can you please clear my doubts.

Which always modifies the nearest preceding noun, so in OA which modifies the what? Did WHICH modify the Richard Nixon, if yes then WERE used correctly. If no, then what it modifies and why?

Please help me on this.

Many thanks in advance.

SJ

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ceilidh.erickson: GMAT Instructor; Posts: 2095; Joined: Tue Dec 04, 2012 3:22 pmFollowed by: 247 members; Thanked: 1443 times

by ceilidh.erickson » Mon May 09, 2016 10:54 am

jain2016 wrote:Hi Experts ,

Can you please clear my doubts.

Which always modifies the nearest preceding noun, so in OA which modifies the what? Did WHICH modify the Richard Nixon, if yes then WERE used correctly. If no, then what it modifies and why?

Please help me on this.

Many thanks in advance.

SJ

Generally speaking, the rule is "WHICH should modify the word directly preceding it." However, there is an exception: a clause beginning with WHICH can "hop" over a short, essential modifier (usually a prepositional phrase) to modify the noun right before that. Consider:

The board of directors, which is convening this week, will likely vote on new policies...

Here, the "which" is referring to "board," not "directors." This is perfectly grammatically correct.

Here's the way I think of it: board-of-directors is really a noun phrase, so the WHICH is modifying the entire noun phrase, not just the single word right before it.

Ceilidh Erickson
EdM in Mind, Brain, and Education
Harvard Graduate School of Education

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ceilidh.erickson: GMAT Instructor; Posts: 2095; Joined: Tue Dec 04, 2012 3:22 pmFollowed by: 247 members; Thanked: 1443 times

by ceilidh.erickson » Mon May 09, 2016 10:56 am

For more on "which WHICH is which?", see:
https://www.beatthegmat.com/noun-phrase- ... tml#570781
https://www.beatthegmat.com/question-in- ... tml#767098
https://www.beatthegmat.com/emily-dickin ... tml#563839

Ceilidh Erickson
EdM in Mind, Brain, and Education
Harvard Graduate School of Education

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