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Absolute Values

Expert replies
by Gmatasap » Sat Jun 11, 2016 3:44 am
Which of the following numbers CANNOT have a negative value?
A. |a+b|-|a-b|
B. |a+b|-|a|
C. |2a+b|-|a+b|
D. a^2+b^2-2|ab|
E. a^3+b^3-a-b

OA D

Can any body tell me a perfect way to select the numbers to test the values.
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Source: — Problem Solving |

by GMATGuruNY » Sat Jun 11, 2016 4:11 am
Gmatasap wrote:Which of the following numbers CANNOT have a negative value?
A. |a+b|-|a-b|
B. |a+b|-|a|
C. |2a+b|-|a+b|
D. a^2+b^2-2|ab|
E. a^3+b^3-a-b
Always look for the following common quadratic identities:
a² + b² + 2ab = (a+b)².
a² + b² - 2ab = (a-b)².
a² - b² = (a+b)(a-b).

Answer choice D resembles the identity in red.
If we add absolute values to (a-b)², we get:
(|a| - |b|)² = |a|² + |b|² - 2|a||b| = a² + b² - 2|ab|.

Thus:
a² + b² - 2|ab| = (|a| - |b|)².
Since (|a| - |b|)² cannot be negative, answer choice D cannot be negative.

The correct answer is D.
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by OptimusPrep » Wed Jun 15, 2016 8:30 pm
Gmatasap wrote:Which of the following numbers CANNOT have a negative value?
A. |a+b|-|a-b|
B. |a+b|-|a|
C. |2a+b|-|a+b|
D. a^2+b^2-2|ab|
E. a^3+b^3-a-b

OA D

Can any body tell me a perfect way to select the numbers to test the values.
Whenever you are required to find if the equation is a perfect square or not, try to bring everything in the form of a perfect square as they are always positive.

Of the given options, only option D can be written in from of a perfect square.

a^2+b^2-2|ab| = |a|^2 + |b|^2 - 2|a||b| = (|a| - |b|)^2.
This will always be positive.

Correct Option: D
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by [email protected] » Thu Jun 16, 2016 8:54 am
Hi Gmatasap,

In most cases, when TESTing VALUES, you normally need just one 'set' of values and you'll find the correct answer. In tougher questions though, you'll need multiples TEST cases and sometimes you have to choose values for each individual answer (as is the case here). The 'key' is to keep the numbers small and simple (since there's no restriction about what A and B could be, then we can use positives, negatives and even 0)...

Here's how you can prove that an answer COULD be negative...

Answers A, B and C - since we're subtracting an absolute value from another absolute value, we need the 2ND absolute value to be BIGGER than the first...

Answer A:
A = -1, B = 1
|-1 + 1| - |-1 - 1| = |0| - |-2| = 0 - 2 = -2

Answer B:
A = -1, B = 1
|-1 + 1| - |-1| = |0| - |-1| = 0 - 1 = -1

Answer C:
A = 1, B = -2
|2 - 2| - |1 - -2| = |0| - |3| = 0 - 3 = -3

With two possibilities remaining (both of which look 'more complicated' than the first 3 answers), you can choose whichever looks 'easier.' Since Answer E includes CUBED terms (and we can easily make a cubed term negative), I would choose to focus on that answer...

Answer E:
A = 0, B = -2
0^3 + (-2)^3 - 0 - (-2) = 0 - 8 + 0 + 2 = -6

We've proven that 4 of the 5 answers COULD be negative, so the remaining answer must be the correct one.

Final Answer: D

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by Matt@VeritasPrep » Thu Jun 23, 2016 4:42 pm
Gmatasap wrote:
Can any body tell me a perfect way to select the numbers to test the values.
Try

a > b
b > a
a = b

And if you still have a few answers left, play around with positives and negatives (e.g. a > 0 > b, b > 0 > a, 0 > a = b, etc.)
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