Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a
technique called proton-induced X-ray emission, which
can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost
any substance without destroying it, is finding uses in
medicine, archaeology, and criminology.

(A)Originally developed for detecting air pollutants,
a technique called proton-induced X-ray
emission, which can quickly analyze the
chemical elements in almost any substance
without destroying it,

(B)Originally developed for detecting air pollutants,
having the ability to analyze the chemical
elements in almost any substance without
destroying it, a technique called proton-induced
X-ray emission

(0A technique originally developed for detecting
air pollutants, called proton-induced X-ray
emission, which can quickly analyze the
chemical elements in almost any substance
without destroying it,

(D)A technique originally developed for detecting
air pollutants, called proton-induced X-ray
emission, which has the ability to analyze the
chemical elements in almost any substance
quickly and without destroying it,

(E)A technique that was originally developed for
detecting air pollutants and has the ability to
analyze the chemical elements in almost any
substance quickly and without destroying the
substance, called proton-induced X-ray
emission


EXPLANATION: Rhetorical construction

The original sentence successfully avoids the
problems that may occur in a long sentence with
multiple modifiers. The sentence opens with the
modifier originally developedfor detecting air
pollutants. This participial phrase is immediately
followed by the word technique that it modifies;
technique is in turn followed by the phrase called
proton-induced X-ray emission. Finally, the
nonrestrictive clause which ... destroying it is
correctly placed next to emission and set off from
the rest of the sentence by a pair of commas.

ACorrect. The modifiers are all correctly


placed and punctuated; the meaning is clear.


BPlacement of two long modifiers at the
beginning of the sentence is awkward and
makes it difficult to locate the subject;
second modifier (having...) actually modifies
the first modifier.

CCalled proton-induced X-ray emission should
be placed next to a technique and should
not be set off by commas; relative clause .
introduced by which incorrectly and
illogically modifies emission.

DCalled proton-induced X-ray emission should
be placed next to a technique and should not
be set off by commas; relative clause
introduced by which incorrectly and illogically
modifies emission; has the ability to is wordy.

ECalled proton-induced X-ray emission should be
placed next to a technique and should not be
set off by commas; has the ability to is wordy.

The correct answer is A.


my question is why in choice C.and D."which" modify "emission",whereas in choice A ."which" modifies technique?