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1000 sc 351

Expert replies
by hemant_rajput » Wed Jul 03, 2013 12:02 am
In 1929 relatively small declines in the market ruined many speculators having bought on margin; they had to sell, and their selling pushed other investors to the brink.
(A) speculators having bought on margin; they had to sell, and
(B) speculators who had bought on margin; having had to sell,
(C) speculators who had bought on margin; they had to sell, and
(D) speculators, those who had bought on margin; these speculators had to sell,and
(E) speculators, who, having bought on margin and having to sell,

[spoiler]OA: C[/spoiler]

Can someone tell me how to eliminate each wrong answer choice?
I'm no expert, just trying to work on my skills. If I've made any mistakes please bear with me.
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Source: — Sentence Correction |

by ramitagrawal » Wed Jul 03, 2013 1:22 am
Again, understanding the meaning is important.
The sentence says that many speculators bought on margin and decline in markets ruined the investors. This was followed by selling, which pushed other investors to the brink.
It is clear from the meaning that since buying preceded the market decline, we have to use a had. Therefore A and E are eliminated.
Among B,C and D. B is wrong since it uses a ";" and the second clause in not independent. In D "those" is redundant. Also, "these investors" is not required since the antecedent is clear.
Hence OA is C.
Hope it helps.
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