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In corporate purchasing, competitive scrutiny

Expert replies
by ankit0411 » Sun Sep 30, 2012 1:30 am
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In corporate purchasing, competitive scrutiny is typically limited to suppliers of items that are directly related to end products. With “indirect” purchases(such as computers, advertising, and legal services), which are not directly related to production, corporations often favor “supplier partnerships”(arrangements in which the purchaser forgoes the right to pursue alternative suppliers), which can inappropriately shelter suppliers from rigorous competitive scrutiny that might afford the purchaser economic leverage. There are two independent variables—availability of alternatives and ease ofchanging suppliers—that companies should use to evaluate the feasibility of subjecting suppliers of indirect purchases to competitive scrutiny.



This can create four possible situations. In Type 1 situations, there are many alternatives and change is relatively easy. Open pursuit of alternatives—by frequent competitive bidding, if possible—will likely yield the best results. In Type 2 situations, where there are many alternatives but change is difficult—as for providers of employee health-care benefits—it is important to continuously test the market and use the results to secure concessions from existing suppliers. Alternatives
provide a credible threat to suppliers, even if the ability to switch is constrained. In Type 3 situations, there are few alternatives, but the ability to switch without difficulty creates a threat that companies can use to negotiate concessions from existing suppliers. In Type 4 situations, where there are few alternatives and change is difficult, partnerships may be unavoidable.


Which of the following best describes the relation of the second paragraph to the first?

A. The second paragraph offers proof of an assertion made in the first paragraph.
B. The second paragraph provides an explanation for the occurrence of a situation described in the first paragraph.
C. The second paragraph discusses the application of a strategy proposed in the first paragraph.
D. The second paragraph examines the scope of a problem presented in the first paragraph.
E. The second paragraph discusses the contradictions inherent in a relationship described in the first paragraph.


I marked D, however the OA is C
Last edited by ankit0411 on Mon Oct 01, 2012 7:46 am, edited 2 times in total.
Don't predict future , create it !
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Source: — Reading Comprehension |

by anuprajan5 » Mon Oct 01, 2012 6:51 am
Hey Ankit,

I'd try to answer, but I can't differentiate between paragraphs.

Regards
Anup
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by ankit0411 » Mon Oct 01, 2012 7:48 am
anuprajan5 wrote:Hey Ankit,

I'd try to answer, but I can't differentiate between paragraphs.

Regards
Anup
Done mate !
Don't predict future , create it !
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by anuprajan5 » Mon Oct 01, 2012 8:10 am
Hey Ankit,

My answer to this would be C. My thought process is that

1st paragraph - describes a situation that is not apt and proposes 2 variables that can be considered for a particular strategy

2nd paragraph - describes the various situations in which the 2 variables can be used.



A. The second paragraph offers proof of an assertion made in the first paragraph. - There is no assertion in the first paragraph and no proof is presented.
B. The second paragraph provides an explanation for the occurrence of a situation described in the first paragraph. - Nope. No explanation
C. The second paragraph discusses the application of a strategy proposed in the first paragraph. - Bingo! Matches my thought in terms of application of the variables for a certain strategy.
D. The second paragraph examines the scope of a problem presented in the first paragraph.
Nope! The 2nd para relates back into the 1st by way of application of certain variables.
E. The second paragraph discusses the contradictions inherent in a relationship described in the first paragraph. Nada!

Hope this helps!

Regards
Anup
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by ankit0411 » Mon Oct 01, 2012 10:07 pm
anuprajan5 wrote:Hey Ankit,

My answer to this would be C. My thought process is that

1st paragraph - describes a situation that is not apt and proposes 2 variables that can be considered for a particular strategy

2nd paragraph - describes the various situations in which the 2 variables can be used.



A. The second paragraph offers proof of an assertion made in the first paragraph. - There is no assertion in the first paragraph and no proof is presented.
B. The second paragraph provides an explanation for the occurrence of a situation described in the first paragraph. - Nope. No explanation
C. The second paragraph discusses the application of a strategy proposed in the first paragraph. - Bingo! Matches my thought in terms of application of the variables for a certain strategy.
D. The second paragraph examines the scope of a problem presented in the first paragraph.
Nope! The 2nd para relates back into the 1st by way of application of certain variables.
E. The second paragraph discusses the contradictions inherent in a relationship described in the first paragraph. Nada!

Hope this helps!

Regards
Anup
Good one, I now understand the difference. :)
Don't predict future , create it !
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by rohitmanglik » Thu Nov 27, 2014 7:47 pm
As you said, 1st paragraph is about situation. Why B is wrong?
anuprajan5 wrote:Hey Ankit,

My answer to this would be C. My thought process is that

1st paragraph - describes a situation that is not apt and proposes 2 variables that can be considered for a particular strategy

2nd paragraph - describes the various situations in which the 2 variables can be used.



A. The second paragraph offers proof of an assertion made in the first paragraph. - There is no assertion in the first paragraph and no proof is presented.
B. The second paragraph provides an explanation for the occurrence of a situation described in the first paragraph. - Nope. No explanation
C. The second paragraph discusses the application of a strategy proposed in the first paragraph. - Bingo! Matches my thought in terms of application of the variables for a certain strategy.
D. The second paragraph examines the scope of a problem presented in the first paragraph.
Nope! The 2nd para relates back into the 1st by way of application of certain variables.
E. The second paragraph discusses the contradictions inherent in a relationship described in the first paragraph. Nada!

Hope this helps!

Regards
Anup
Join the discussion

What we see: a Reading Comprehension question about how paragraph 2 relates to paragraph 1. We need the job paragraph 2 does, said in terms of paragraph 1.

Step 1. Find what paragraph 1 proposes.
What we see: paragraph 1 says companies shelter some suppliers from competition through "supplier partnerships." It ends: there are "two independent variables" (how many other suppliers exist, and how easy it is to switch) "that companies should use to evaluate" whether to put those suppliers under competitive pressure.
What it means: paragraph 1 ends with a tool, a two-question test, and says companies should use it.
What we do and why: when a paragraph ends by proposing a method, the next paragraph often shows the method in use. Check if that happens here.

Step 2. Read what paragraph 2 does with it.
What we see: "This can create four possible situations." Type 1, many choices and easy to switch: bid often. Type 2, many choices but hard to switch: test the market and push for better terms. Type 3, few choices but easy to switch: use the threat of switching. Type 4, few choices and hard to switch: a partnership may be needed.
What it means: paragraph 2 crosses the two variables into four cases and gives the action for each one.
What we do and why: that is applying the strategy from paragraph 1. The choice that says paragraph 2 discusses applying a strategy proposed in paragraph 1 fits exactly.

Step 3. Why not D, the most common pick.
(D) says paragraph 2 "examines the scope of a problem." Scope means how big or how widespread a problem is. Paragraph 2 never measures how often partnerships shelter suppliers or how much money is lost. It tells what to do in each case.
(A) There is no proof; paragraph 2 gives advice, not evidence.
(B) Paragraph 2 does not explain why companies form partnerships in the first place.
(E) No contradiction is discussed.

The trap: (D). The four situations look like an examination of the problem from every side. But each situation ends with an action ("will likely yield the best results," "use the results to secure concessions"), so the paragraph is about using the method, not sizing the problem.
Takeaway: When paragraph 1 ends with "companies should use X," expect paragraph 2 to show X in action. Check the verbs: "pursue," "test," "negotiate" are actions, which means application.

Answer: C
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