II wrote: ↑Sun Jul 13, 2008 2:59 pm
If r, s, and w are positive numbers such that x = 60r + 80s and r + s = 1, is x < 70 ?
(1) r > 0.5
(2) r > s
Given: r, s, and w are positive numbers such that w = 60r + 80s and r + s = 1
Target question: w < 70
STRATEGY: Always be on the lookout for opportunities to rephrase the target question. In many cases, a little work up front will make analyzing the statements much easier.
Since we're told that r + s = 1, we might recognize that we can manipulate the equation w = 60r + 80s to take advantage of this information.
We can write: w = (60r + 60s) + 20s
Then factor the first part to get: w = 60(r + s) + 20s
Substitute to get: w = 60(
1) + 20s
In other words: w = 60 + 20s, which means the target question becomes:
Is 60 + 20s < 70?
We can make things even easier by subtracting 60 from both sides to get:
Is 20s < 10?
And we can divide both sides by 20 to get:
Is s < 0.5?
REPHRASED target question
Is s < 0.5?
Aside: Here’s a video with tips on rephrasing the target question: https://www.gmatprepnow.com/module/gmat- ... cy?id=1100
Statement 1: r > 0.5
We already know that
r + s = 1
So, for example, if r = 0.5, then s = 0.5
Similarly, if r > 0.5, we can be certain that
s < 0.5
In other words, the answer to the REPHRASED target question is
YES, s is less than 0.5
Statement 1 is SUFFICIENT
Statement 2: r > s
If
r + s = 1, we can subtract s from both sides to get:
r = 1 - s
Now take statement 2 and replace
r with
1 - s to get:
1 - s > s
From here, we can add s do both sides of the inequality to get:
1 > 2s
Divide both sides by 2 to get:
0.5 > s
Once again, the answer to the REPHRASED target question is
YES, s is less than 0.5
Statement 2 is SUFFICIENT
Answer: D