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by kanika123 » Mon Jul 29, 2013 11:48 am
Four dollar amounts, w, x, y, and z, were invested in a business. Which amount was greatest?

1. y < z < x
2. x was 25 percent of the total of the four investments.


A. Statement 1 alone is sufficient but statement 2 alone is not sufficient to answer the question asked.

B. Statement 2 alone is sufficient but statement 1 alone is not sufficient to answer the question asked.

C. Both statements 1 and 2 together are sufficient to answer the question but neither statement is sufficient alone.

D. Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question.

E. Statements 1 and 2 are not sufficient to answer the question asked and additional data is needed to answer the statements.

Which should be the correct option and why?
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Source: — Data Sufficiency |

by GMATGuruNY » Mon Jul 29, 2013 12:31 pm
kanika123 wrote:Four dollar amounts, w, x, y, and z, were invested in a business. Which amount was greatest?

1. y < z < x
2. x was 25 percent of the total of the four investments.
Statement 1: y < z < x
No information about w.
INSUFFICIENT.

Statement 2: x was 25 percent of the total of the four investments.
No information about w, y, or z.
INSUFFICIENT.

Statements combined:
Plug in the THRESHOLD.
Since y<z<x, and x=25%, the threshold for y and z is 25%: each must be LESS than this percentage.
If y=z=x=25%, then y+z+x = 75%, implying that w = 25%.
Since y and z must each be LESS than 25%, y+z+x < 75%, implying that w > 25%.
Thus, the greatest amount = w.
SUFFICIENT.

The correct answer is C.
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by [email protected] » Mon Jul 29, 2013 12:34 pm
Hi kanika123,

DS questions test many different skills, one of which is your ability to make deductions when you only have a limited amount of information.

In this question, we're told that there are 4 variables (w, x, y and z) and we're asked which is biggest.

Fact 1 tells us y < z < x BUT we don't know anything about the value of w.
This fact ultimately means that either x is biggest (it's bigger than y and z and MIGHT be bigger than w) or w is biggest
Fact 1 is INSUFFICIENT

Fact 2 tells us that x = 25% of the total We don't know anything about the other 3 values (w, y and z), so there's no way to answer the question.
This fact ultimately means that x can't be biggest (it could be a 4-way tie, if they're each 25%, but if the others were all less than 25% then the math wouldn't add up to 100%, so x can't be biggest).
Fact 2 is INSUFFICIENT

Combining Facts, we know that x = 25%, y and z are both less than 25%, so the w has to account for everything else...

eg. 23% < 24% < 25% and the w would be everything else (in this case = 28%)
We have enough info to deduce that the w MUST be biggest

Final Answer: C

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