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Papgust's GMAT SENTENCE CORRECTION FLASHCARDS directory

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by GMATMadeEasy » Thu Jul 22, 2010 4:44 am
papgust wrote:"As a means to" is the CORRECT idiom.

Incorrect Idioms:
* "As a means of"
* "As a means for"

--> [Refer OG11, Qn. # 60] <--
Attention : OG qualifies the usage of "As a means of" based on the context . "As a means of" can be used for sure.
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by GMATMadeEasy » Thu Jul 22, 2010 5:13 am
papgust wrote:For measurements (such as amount, quantity), use "twice" or similar kind of words for comparison. DO NOT use "double" or similar kind of words.
Could you provide an example of this please .

In general, many of us have issues when it comes to quantity or quantity related comparisons , such as twice, double, as much as , as many as, limitations, equal etc. Could someone put more stuff this with examples to real get into depth of the issue.

Thanks in advance :) .
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by arora007 » Thu Jul 22, 2010 9:52 pm
ballubalraj wrote:Thanks a ton Papgust.

Guys, Here is the consolidated document with all the flashcards that Papgust has uploaded so far.

-Balraj.
Thanks balraj thanks papgust!!

papgust especially liked the concrete / abstract noun topics.... never thought of nouns in so much depth!
Last edited by arora007 on Fri Jul 23, 2010 2:11 am, edited 1 time in total.
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by surajgarg » Thu Jul 22, 2010 11:49 pm
papgust wrote:"Chances of a collision increase greatly with the continually increasing amount of space debris and the number of satellites".


"continually increasing" clearly refers to "amount of space debris". But the sentence fails to indicate that the number of satellites is ALSO growing. (In essence, it should also refer to satellites).



--> [Refer Verbal Review 2nd Ed., Qn. # 31] <--
So what should be the correct form of the sentence?
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by rashmi.kaushal » Sun Jul 25, 2010 1:35 am
Dear Pagust,

Your quick simple short notes are very helpful.

thanks a lot, keep posting more :-)
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by arora007 » Sun Jul 25, 2010 2:02 am
Rashmi.... a "Target GMAT Score: 800+ " ??
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by mundasingh123 » Fri Jul 30, 2010 10:29 pm
Its a good thread.Please continue posting
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by shekhar.kataria » Fri Jul 30, 2010 11:06 pm
papgust wrote:Pronoun WHICH:

"Which" is used as a relative pronoun ONLY to refer to the NOUN immediately preceding it.

In other words, "Which", by default, refers to the noun that is closest to the left of the comma.

WHAT TO DO if "Which" seems to refer to the action of the preceding clause??

Do one of the following,
(i) Link "which" properly to an antecedent NOUN.
(ii) Rework the sentence to avoid its use entirely.
Hie pap gust.

Can u explain the same about "that " and "it".
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by papgust » Tue Aug 03, 2010 2:11 am
surajgarg wrote:
papgust wrote:"Chances of a collision increase greatly with the continually increasing amount of space debris and the number of satellites".


"continually increasing" clearly refers to "amount of space debris". But the sentence fails to indicate that the number of satellites is ALSO growing. (In essence, it should also refer to satellites).



--> [Refer Verbal Review 2nd Ed., Qn. # 31] <--
So what should be the correct form of the sentence?
Sorry. I'm far from the book right now. You may refer to the Verbal Review 2nd Edition Qn. #31 for the correct form of the sentence.
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by papgust » Tue Aug 03, 2010 2:17 am
shekhar.kataria wrote:
papgust wrote:Pronoun WHICH:

"Which" is used as a relative pronoun ONLY to refer to the NOUN immediately preceding it.

In other words, "Which", by default, refers to the noun that is closest to the left of the comma.

WHAT TO DO if "Which" seems to refer to the action of the preceding clause??

Do one of the following,
(i) Link "which" properly to an antecedent NOUN.
(ii) Rework the sentence to avoid its use entirely.
Hie pap gust.

Can u explain the same about "that " and "it".

I have PMed Ron (GMAT Instructor) to answer your query. Sorry for the delay in responding.
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by lunarpower » Tue Aug 03, 2010 2:55 am
papgust wrote:
shekhar.kataria wrote:
papgust wrote:Pronoun WHICH:

"Which" is used as a relative pronoun ONLY to refer to the NOUN immediately preceding it.

In other words, "Which", by default, refers to the noun that is closest to the left of the comma.

WHAT TO DO if "Which" seems to refer to the action of the preceding clause??

Do one of the following,
(i) Link "which" properly to an antecedent NOUN.
(ii) Rework the sentence to avoid its use entirely.
Hie pap gust.

Can u explain the same about "that " and "it".

I have PMed Ron (GMAT Instructor) to answer your query. Sorry for the delay in responding.
the short answer:
if "that" or "it" seems to refer to the action of the preceding clause, then it's wrong!

the above is really all you have to know -- i think all this emphasis on how to fix the sentences is wrongheaded, since you won't actually be called upon to fix the sentences. as long as you are aware of the fact that pronouns are not allowed to stand for anything other than nouns*, that's all the knowledge you really need.
sentence correction is already extremely complicated; it's not a good idea to complicate the issue even further by worrying about how to fix errors. as long as you can identify what is an error and what is not an error, you are good to go.

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*for the one exception to this rule that will actually show up on the test, see the following post:
https://www.beatthegmat.com/og-12-52-t53380.html#263671
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by ballubalraj » Tue Aug 03, 2010 5:03 am
papgust wrote:Relative Pronouns:

Such pronouns refer to something already mentioned in the sentence.

"Who", "Whom" --> People
"Which" --> Things
"That" --> People/Things
"Whose" --> Who or What something belongs to

As per MGMAT SC book, 'THAT' can not refer to people. I myself have not seen a single correct answer in which THAT refers to people.

Any insight on this?
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by lunarpower » Tue Aug 03, 2010 5:27 am
ballubalraj wrote:
papgust wrote:Relative Pronouns:

Such pronouns refer to something already mentioned in the sentence.

"Who", "Whom" --> People
"Which" --> Things
"That" --> People/Things
"Whose" --> Who or What something belongs to

As per MGMAT SC book, 'THAT' can not refer to people. I myself have not seen a single correct answer in which THAT refers to people.

Any insight on this?
correct.
for people, you must use "who/whom", not "that" or "which".

--

however, note that "whose" can be used for either people or things, since "whose" is also the possessive form of "which"/"that".

for instance:
the person that i saw yesterday --> wrong
the person whom i saw yesterday --> correct
the person whose son i taught last year --> correct

the table that i bought yesterday --> correct
the table whom i bought yesterday --> wrong
the table whose legs i replaced yesterday --> correct
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by ballubalraj » Tue Aug 03, 2010 9:32 am
Thanks for clarifying this, Ron.
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by aniriddha » Thu Aug 19, 2010 3:43 am
Hi All
Can't we have all of the baove as a document . it would really help.
Thanks for the notes
Aniriddha
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