Nitrogen dioxide is a pollutant emitted by automobiles. Cata

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Nitrogen dioxide is a pollutant emitted by automobiles. Catalytic converters, devices designed to reduce nitrogen dioxide emissions, have been required in all new cars in Donia since 1993, and as a result, nitrogen dioxide emissions have been significantly reduced throughout most of the country. Yet although the proportion of new cars in Donia's capital city has always been comparatively high, nitrogen dioxide emissions there have showed only an insignificant decline since 1993.

Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the insignificant decline in nitrogen dioxide emissions in Donia's capital city?

(A) More of the cars in Donia's capital city were made before 1993 than after 1993.
(B) The number of new cars sold per year in Donia has declined slightly since 1993.
(C) Pollutants other than nitrogen dioxide that are emitted by automobiles have also been significantly reduced in Donia since 1993.
(D) Many Donians who own cars made before 1993 have had catalytic converters installed in their cars.
(E) Most car trips in Donia's capital city are too short for the catalytic converter to reach its effective working temperature.

OA E

Source: GMAT Prep
Source: — Critical Reasoning |

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by deloitte247 » Sat Aug 24, 2019 11:32 pm

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We need to find what explains the reason for the insignificant decline in nitrogen dioxide emissions in the city.
Premise:
- Automobiles emit a pollutant called nitrogen dioxide.
- Catalytic converters are devices designed to reduce nitrogen dioxide emissions.
Explanations: Due to the emission of pollutants from automobiles, a device to reduce this emission was installed in all new cars in Donia to since 1993, but there has been an insignificant decline in the emission of this pollutant, even though the proportion of these new cars are high. What can be the reason for this?

OPTION A - INCORRECT
This contradicts the claim that there is a high proportion of new cars in the city, so it cannot serve as an explanation for the insignificant decline in nitrogen dioxide emissions in the city.

OPTION B - INCORRECT
The numbers of new cars sold in Donia is no directly proportional to the emissions of nitrogen dioxide.

OPTION C - INCORRECT
Any other pollutant aside the nitrogen dioxide is outside the scope of the argument.

OPTION D - INCORRECT
If true, there should be a decline in the emission of nitrogen dioxide, but the reverse is the case.

OPTION E - CORRECT
If true, it explains why there has been a significant decline in nitrogen dioxide emissions due to the ineffective working temperature of the catalytic converters as a result of short car trips within Donia.