[DS] more than, less than problem

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[DS] more than, less than problem

by Castor.kim » Mon Nov 05, 2012 12:37 am
Dear friends, now we have less time to try to get sufficient point in GMAT.
Let's do the best!!

This problem is not an official problem, but similar problem was exist in real test.

If n, k are positive integers, (1/n) - [1/(n+k)] < 1/10 ?

1) n > 10
2) k < 10


the OA is A
but I can't understand why this answer is A

anybody?
Source: — Data Sufficiency |

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by Brent@GMATPrepNow » Mon Nov 05, 2012 7:58 am
Castor.kim wrote: If n, k are positive integers, (1/n) - [1/(n+k)] < 1/10 ?

1) n > 10
2) k < 10
Target question: Is (1/n) - [1/(n+k)] < 1/10 ?

Looks like a nice candidate for rephrasing the target question.
Let's first combine the two expressions on the left side. To do this, we'll need a common denominator.
We get: (n+k)/[n(n+k)] - (n)/[n(n+k)] < 1/10
Simplify: k/[n(n+k)] < 1/10
Multiply both sides by 10: 10k/[n(n+k)] < 1
Multiply both sides by [n(n+k)]: 10k < n(n+k)
Aside: This last step was allowable because we can be certain that [n(n+k)] is positive.
Simplify: 10k < n^2 + nk
Subtract nk from both sides: 10k - nk < n^2
Factor: k (10 - n) < n^2

So, the inequality k (10 - n) < n^2 is equivalent to the inequality (1/n) - [1/(n+k)] < 1/10
This means we can now rephrase the target question .

Rephrased target question: Is k (10 - n) < n^2?

Statement 1: n > 10
If n > 10, then (10 - n) must be negative.
Since k is positive, we can see that k (10 - n) must have a negative value.
Conversely, n^2 must have a positive value.
So, k (10 - n) must be less than n^2
Since we can answer the target question with certainty, statement 1 is SUFFICIENT

Statement 2: k < 10
There are several pairs of numbers that meet this condition. Here are two:
Case a: k=1, n=10, in which case k (10 - n) is less than n^2
Case b: k=1, n=1, in which case k (10 - n) is not less than n^2
Since we cannot answer the target question with certainty, statement 2 is NOT SUFFICIENT

Answer = A

Cheers,
Brent
Brent Hanneson - Creator of GMATPrepNow.com
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