@Atul,
Got ur point now. I didn't notice 'resurgence' in green. I just took for granted that patriotism,tuition cost and gerund with their respective modifiers are parallel as Ashish has clearly explained.

atulmangal wrote: Brother, i agree that gerunds are noun but my point was A GERUND can not be parallel to a STANDARD NOUN...and m sure about this concept.

Well, I am not so sure about this. Why can't gerunds be parallel to standard nouns?

atulmangal wrote: Ashish suggested a different reasoning that the parallelism is set between adjectives not between NOUNS (as nicksworth said)...his point seems good to me!!!

Ashish and me, both are saying the same thing - that the parallelism is essentially between three nouns and their associated modifiers. (with a slight disagreement of course on resurgence and patriotism.)

niksworth wrote:

atulmangal wrote: Brother, i agree that gerunds are noun but my point was A GERUND can not be parallel to a STANDARD NOUN...and m sure about this concept.

Well, I am not so sure about this. Why can't gerunds be parallel to standard nouns?

atulmangal wrote: Ashish suggested a different reasoning that the parallelism is set between adjectives not between NOUNS (as nicksworth said)...his point seems good to me!!!

Ashish and me, both are saying the same thing - that the parallelism is essentially between three nouns and their associated modifiers. (with a slight disagreement of course on resurgence and patriotism.)

parallelism b/w noun and adjective gonna be two different things here, as i said earlier m 100% confident on the concept that an -ing can not be parallel to standard noun but "the -ing of" can be parallel to a standard noun.

atulmangal wrote: parallelism b/w noun and adjective gonna be two different things here, as i said earlier m 100% confident on the concept that an -ing can not be parallel to standard noun but "the -ing of" can be parallel to a standard noun.

Ok, I understood your doubt. You say that

-ing can not be parallel to standard noun but "the -ing of" can be parallel to a standard noun.

Tell me something.
1) Can "the -ing by" be parallel to a standard noun?
2) Also, what is the difference between "the -ing of" and "the -ing by"?

@nicksworth

Tell me something.
1) Can "the -ing by" be parallel to a standard noun?
2) Also, what is the difference between "the -ing of" and "the -ing by"?

here, You pointed out a really cool thing brother...as i said i'm sure about "the -ing of" parallelism to a standard noun i believe, "the -ing by" can also be parallel to a standard noun, as both "of" and "by" are prepositions...finally if we apply this understanding in this same question then that means the parallelism in Op A is set b/w NOUNS not ADJECTIVES right.

Possible long-term consequences of the "greenhouse effect," the gradual warming of the Earth's climate, include melting of the polar ice caps and a rise in sea level.

In this sentence "-ing of" is parallel to "standard noun"