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by bblast » Fri Jan 14, 2011 1:47 am
Providing initial evidence that airports are a larger source of pollution than they were once believed to be, environmentalists in Chicago reported that the total amount of pollutant emitted annually by vehicles at O'Hare International Airport is twice as much as that which is being emitted annually by all motor vehicles in the Chicago metropolitan area.

as much as that which is being emitted annually by all
as much annually as is emited by the
as much compared to what is annually emitted by all
that emitted annually by all
that emitted annually compared to the

completely stumped on this
OA-D
Explanations please
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by VivianKerr » Fri Jan 14, 2011 10:09 am
Hey,

Looks like we've got a Comparison here. Let's look at the formation of the sentence:
Providing initial evidence that airports are a larger source of pollution than they were once believed to be, environmentalists in Chicago reported that the total amount of pollutant emitted annually by vehicles at O'Hare International Airport is twice as much as that which is being emitted annually by all motor vehicles in the Chicago metropolitan area.
Modifying clause, NOUN VERB "the total amount...emitted annually..." PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE..."is twice as much as that which is being emitted annually PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE."

We need the two boldest segments to be parallel and concise, and to show the correct comparison.

"the total amount" is a noun, so "that" correctly replaces it. Therefore we can eliminate answer choices (B) and (C). (A) has the unnecessary word "being," so that leaves (D) and (E).

If we plug in (E), the sentence reads "emitted annually compared to the motor vehicles in the Chicago metropolitan area." It's awkward to "compare" the amount of pollutant with the motor vehicles. We need a correct preposition to describe that the cars are doing the emitting.


On a personal note, I think of the word "being" as a big red flag. It usually means that a sentence is written in passive voice, and that there is a more active verb available. In fact, I cannot remember EVER seeing a correct answer choice with the word "being" in it.

The answer is (D). It makes the clearest comparison.

"the total amount of pollutant emitted annually BY....
...is twice that emitted annually BY all..."

NOUN...VERB...ADVERB...PREPOSITION
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by GMATGuruNY » Fri Jan 14, 2011 10:45 am
bblast wrote:Providing initial evidence that airports are a larger source of pollution than they were once believed to be, environmentalists in Chicago reported that the total amount of pollutant emitted annually by vehicles at O'Hare International Airport is twice as much as that which is being emitted annually by all motor vehicles in the Chicago metropolitan area.

as much as that which is being emitted annually by all
as much annually as is emited by the
as much compared to what is annually emitted by all
that emitted annually by all
that emitted annually compared to the

completely stumped on this
OA-D
Explanations please
All things being equal, shorter is better. No errors in D, and it's the most concise. More importantly, it offers the most parallel construction:

...the amount emitted by vehicles at O'Hare...is twice that emitted...by...all motor vehicles...

The correct answer is D.
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by GMATMadeEasy » Sun Jan 16, 2011 10:49 am
Mitch, could you explain option B in detail please.
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by GMATGuruNY » Sun Jan 16, 2011 11:23 am
GMATMadeEasy wrote:Mitch, could you explain option B in detail please.
Here's B:

...the total amount of pollutant emitted annually by vehicles at O'Hare International Airport is twice as much annually as is emitted by the motor vehicles in the Chicago metropolitan area.

B includes the following error of redundancy:

the total amount...emitted annually...is twice as much annually...

Also, in omitting the word all, B changes the meaning. The intended meaning of the sentence is to compare the pollution emitted by vehicles at the airport to that emitted by all motor vehicles in the Chicago area.

Finally, the use of ellipsis is incorrect. It is inappropriate to say the pollution emitted by the vehicles at the airport is twice as much as is emitted by all the motor vehicles in Chicago because the two groups of vehicles are not emitting the same pollution. The sentence must compare the pollution emitted by the vehicles at the airport to that emitted by all the motor vehicles in Chicago.

Thus, B can be eliminated.
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by GMATMadeEasy » Mon Jan 17, 2011 2:24 am
Thanks Mitch for hitting out all errors .

1.
Finally, the use of ellipsis is incorrect. It is inappropriate to say the pollution emitted by the vehicles at the airport is twice as much as is emitted by all the motor vehicles in Chicago because the two groups of vehicles are not emitting the same pollution. The sentence must compare the pollution emitted by the vehicles at the airport to that emitted by all the motor vehicles in Chicago.
You mean we should use a "that" to correct the error mentioned in the above sentence ?

2. Usage of "all" : Is nt "the" communicate the same thing : "All motor vehicles in Chicago " and the motor vehicles in Chicago are not same ?
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by GMATGuruNY » Mon Jan 17, 2011 4:46 am
GMATMadeEasy wrote:Thanks Mitch for hitting out all errors .

1.
Finally, the use of ellipsis is incorrect. It is inappropriate to say the pollution emitted by the vehicles at the airport is twice as much as is emitted by all the motor vehicles in Chicago because the two groups of vehicles are not emitting the same pollution. The sentence must compare the pollution emitted by the vehicles at the airport to that emitted by all the motor vehicles in Chicago.
You mean we should use a "that" to correct the error mentioned in the above sentence ?

2. Usage of "all" : Is nt "the" communicate the same thing : "All motor vehicles in Chicago " and the motor vehicles in Chicago are not same ?
Yes, the pronoun that is needed in order to compare the pollution emitted by the cars at the airport to that emitted by all motor vehicles in the Chicago area.

The word all is needed because the motor vehicles in the Chicago area does not necessarily mean all motor vehicles in the Chicago area. To say John took the money out of the bank does not mean that John took all the money out of the bank.
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