If n is an integer, is n even?

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by Brent@GMATPrepNow » Sun Sep 30, 2018 6:18 pm

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BTGmoderatorDC wrote:If n is an integer, is n even?
(1) n² - 1 is an odd integer.
(2) 3n + 4 is an even integer.
Some important rules:
1. ODD +/- ODD = EVEN
2. EVEN +/- ODD = ODD
3. EVEN +/- EVEN = EVEN

4. (ODD)(ODD) = ODD
5. (ODD)(EVEN) = EVEN
6. (EVEN)(EVEN) = EVEN


Target question: Is integer n EVEN?

Statement 1: n² - 1 is an odd integer
n² - 1 = (n + 1)(n - 1)
So, statement 1 is telling us that (n + 1)(n - 1) = ODD
From rule #4 (above), we can conclude that BOTH (n + 1) and (n - 1) are ODD
If (n + 1) is ODD, then n must be EVEN (since 1 is ODD, we can apply rule #2 to conclude that n is EVEN)
If (n - 1) is ODD, then n must be EVEN (by rule #2 )
So, the answer to the target question is YES, n is even
Since we can answer the target question with certainty, statement 1 is SUFFICIENT

Statement 2: 3n + 4 is an even integer
In other words, (3n + EVEN) is EVEN
From rule #3, we can conclude that 3n is EVEN

Since 3 is odd, we can write: (ODD)(n) = EVEN
From rule #5, we can conclude that n is EVEN
So, the answer to the target question is YES, n is even
Since we can answer the target question with certainty, statement 2 is SUFFICIENT

Answer: D

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Brent
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by fskilnik@GMATH » Mon Oct 01, 2018 12:03 pm

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BTGmoderatorDC wrote:If n is an integer, is n even?

(1) n^2 - 1 is an odd integer.
(2) 3n + 4 is an even integer.
Source: Official Guide
\[n\,\,\operatorname{int} \,\,\,\,\left( { \Rightarrow \,\,\,n\,\,{\text{odd}}\,\,{\text{or}}\,\,n\,\,{\text{even}}\,,\,\,{\text{and}}\,\,{\text{not}}\,\,{\text{both}}} \right)\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\left( * \right)\]
\[n\,\,\mathop = \limits^? \,\,{\text{even}}\]
\[\left( 1 \right)\,\,\,{n^2} - 1\,\,\,{\text{odd}}\,\,\,\,\, \Rightarrow \,\,\,\,\,{{\text{n}}^{\text{2}}}\,\,\,{\text{even}}\,\,\,\,\mathop \Rightarrow \limits_{n\,\,{\text{not}}\,\,{\text{odd}}}^{\left( * \right)} \,\,\,\,\,\left\langle {{\text{YES}}} \right\rangle \]
\[\left( 2 \right)\,\,\,3n + 4\,\,\,{\text{even}}\,\,\,\,\, \Rightarrow \,\,\,\,\,3n\,\,\,{\text{even}}\,\,\,\,\mathop \Rightarrow \limits_{n\,\,{\text{not}}\,\,{\text{odd}}}^{\left( * \right)} \,\,\,\,\,\left\langle {{\text{YES}}} \right\rangle \]

This solution follows the notations and rationale taught in the GMATH method.

Regards,
Fabio.
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