hrishi19884 wrote:
Then what is the answer....if D is the one then do you mean to say"each" planets?

that what it means when we read "all the other planets, each contributing"

That what it says when you read

Yes, D is the correct answer.

While "each of which contributes" is superior to D, it's not an option, so we have to choose D.

We do have "each planet" earlier in the sentence to act as an antecedent for another "each".

Hi Stuart

This is what you taught us in one other thread

"many of them" just sounds horrible in that construction; "many of whom" is proper usage.

Here's a general rule (although there are some exceptions): if "many of xxx" is followed by a simple verb, use "whom"... if "many of xxx" is followed by a preposition, use "them".

Some examples:

... many of whom eat fish every day.
... many of whom used to be lawyers.

... many of them under the poverty line.
... many of them in red shirts.

Can we extend this rule to conclude that

many/some/each of them - is to be followed by a preposition
and

many/some/each of whom/which - is to followed by a VERB

IF you approve of the same , then the following sentences are incorrect

Our class has comparatively older students,each of them is highly graded.
INCORRECT - run on sentence

Our class has comparatively older students, each is highly graded.
INCORRECT - run on sentence

Our class has comparatively older students, each student is highly graded
INCORRECT - run on sentence

hk_4u wrote:Hi Stuart

This is what you taught us in one other thread

"many of them" just sounds horrible in that construction; "many of whom" is proper usage.

Here's a general rule (although there are some exceptions): if "many of xxx" is followed by a simple verb, use "whom"... if "many of xxx" is followed by a preposition, use "them".

Some examples:

... many of whom eat fish every day.
... many of whom used to be lawyers.

... many of them under the poverty line.
... many of them in red shirts.

Can we extend this rule to conclude that

many/some/each of them - is to be followed by a preposition
and

many/some/each of whom/which - is to followed by a VERB

IF you approve of the same , then the following sentences are incorrect

Our class has comparatively older students,each of them is highly graded.
INCORRECT - run on sentence

Our class has comparatively older students, each is highly graded.
INCORRECT - run on sentence

Our class has comparatively older students, each student is highly graded
INCORRECT - run on sentence

Each of those examples is, indeed incorrect.

Note that we could have fixed each one by changing the comma to a semicolon (although for #2, "each of whom" or "each student" would be better).

We also could have fixed them by changing the second clause to a phrase by removing the verb.

i.e.: ", each highly graded".

Stuart Kovinsky wrote:

hk_4u wrote:If you search this forum , you will find a few questions where the modifier begins with many/some of them/which/whom

As an example ,see this thread

https://www.beatthegmat.com/gmatprep-sc- ... tml#216948

So not sure whether each of which is wrong . However if D is the OA , it means that each
is preferred over each of which

Stuart/Ron - Please help

"each of which contributes" would be correct; "each of which contributing" is not.

I agree each of which is a subject and hence require a bonafide verb. what is the difference between each of which/each of them and "each"