a good, and surprisingly simple, way to impose structure on problems involving the median of a set is to write a series of BLANKS that represent the numbers in the set IN ORDER, and then fill them in as appropriate.
start with 3 blanks:
_ _ _
in this set, we're given that the median is 9. this means that the middle one of the 3 blanks is 9:
_ 9 _
we want to maximize the left hand blank.
general takeaway: to MAXIMIZE a quantity, MINIMIZE all OTHER QUANTITIES over which you have discretion.
in this problem, that just means minimize the right-hand blank.
the right-hand blank must be > 9; otherwise it wouldn't be the right-hand blank anymore (remember, the blanks are in increasing order).
so, to minimize it, put a 9 in it.
_ 9 9
finally, the average is 7, meaning that the sum is 7 x 3 = 21.
21 - 9 - 9 = 3.
3 9 9
done.
Ron has been teaching various standardized tests for 20 years.
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Yves Saint-Laurent
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