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Expert replies
Source: — Problem Solving |

by Brent@GMATPrepNow » Thu Sep 10, 2015 3:56 pm
If x and y are positive integers, which of the following CANNOT be the greatest common divisor of 35x and 20y?

A) 5
B) 5(x - y)
C) 20x
D) 20y
E) 35x
The wording of the question tells us that 4 of the answer choices CAN be the greatest common divisor (GCD) of 35x and 20y, and one of them cannot.

So, might BEGIN by eliminating those answer choices that CAN be the greatest common divisor of 35x and 20y

A) 5
5 is a DIVISOR of both 35x and 20y, but can it be the GCD of 35x and 20y?
YES. If x = 1 and y = 1, then 5 is the GCD of 35x and 20y.
ELIMINATE A

B) 5(x - y)
CAN 5(x - y) be the GCD of 35x and 20y?
YES. If x = 3 and y = 2, then 5(x - y) = 5, 35x = 105 and 20y = 40
Since 5 is the GCD of 105 and 40, we can ELIMINATE B

Aside: It can be tough finding values such that 4 of the answer choices are, indeed, the GCD of 35x and 20y. So, we should also be looking for another approach that shows that an answer choice CANNOT be the GCD of 35x and 20y

C) 20x
CAN 20x be the GCD of 35x and 20y?
NO!
How do we know this?
20x cannot be the greatest common DIVISOR of 35x and 20y, because 20x isn't even a DIVISOR of 35x
Notice that 35x/20x = 35/20 = 7/4
This tells us that 20x cannot be a DIVISOR of 35x, which means 20x cannot be the GCD of 35x and 20y.

Answer: C

Cheers,
Brent
Brent Hanneson - Creator of GMATPrepNow.com
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by MartyMurray » Thu Sep 10, 2015 4:12 pm
If x and y are positive integers, which of the following CANNOT be the greatest common divisor of 35x and 20y?

I am just going to do whatever I can to either prove that each can be or cannot be the greatest common divisor. Whatever I can could be algebra, substituting numbers or anything else that gets this done.


A) 5 If x = 1 and y = 1, then this is the greatest common divisor. (Keepin' it simple.)

B) 5(x - y) If x = 3 and y = 2, this is the greatest common divisor. (I messed around with x = 2 and y = 1 first. When that didn't work, I bumped up to 3 and 2.)

C) 20x If I divide 35x by 20x, I get 35/20 = 7/4. So 20x cannot be a divisor of 35x. I could also just try using any positive integer for x and soon realize that whatever I use I can't evenly divide 35x by 20x. (So this is the answer, and the question is done. For illustrative purposes, and to check my answer, I'll check the other two as well.)

D) 20y If y = 7 and x = 4, then 20y = 35x = 140, and 20y is the greatest common divisor.

E) 35x If x = 4 and y = 7, then 35x = 20y = 140, and 35x is the greatest common divisor. (Hah, a repeat. Always nice.)

So C it is.
Marty Murray
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by [email protected] » Thu Sep 10, 2015 7:03 pm
Hi rommysingh,

This question can be solved with math "theory" or by TESTing VALUES. Here's how to eliminate the 4 wrong answers by TESTing VALUES...

We're told that X and Y are POSITIVE INTEGERS. We're asked which of the following CANNOT be the greatest common divisor of 35x and 20y.

Answer A: 5
IF...X = 1, Y = 1...
35 and 20 have a GCD of 5.
Eliminate Answer A

Answer B: 5(X-Y)
IF...X = 3, Y = 2...
105 and 40 have a GCD of 5. 5(3-2) = 5
Eliminate Answer B

Answer D: 20Y
IF...X = 4, Y = 1...
140 and 20 have a GCD of 20. 20(1) = 2
Eliminate Answer D

Answer E: 35X
IF...X = 2, Y = 7...
70 and 140 have a GCD of 70. 35(2) = 70
Eliminate Answer E

There's only one answer left....

Final Answer: C

GMAT assassins aren't born, they're made,
Rich
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