expert please reply(absolute modifier ver imp)

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In the late 1880s, the journalist Jacob Riis visited tenement dwellings in several impoverished NewYork City neighborhoods to investigate housing conditions and photograph immigrant tenants' apartments, whose interiors were inhumanely overcrowded, their floors often serving as beds, and their walls often windowless and dilapidated with age and neglet.

A) whose interiors were inhumanely overcrowded, their floors
often serving as beds, and their walls often windowless and dilapidated with age and neglet

B) whose interiors were inhumanely overcrowded, their floors
were often serving as beds, and their walls were often lacking windows and dilapidated due to age and neglet

C) whose interiors were inhumanely overcrowded, their floors
were often serving as beds, and they had walls often windowless and dilapidated with age and neglet

D) having interiors inhumanely overcrowded, their floors often serving
for beds, and their walls were often windowless and dilapidated due to age and neglet

E) having interiors that were inhumanely overcrowded, their floors often
serving as beds, and their walls often lacked windows and were dilapidated on account of and neglet


answer A

i guess the correct answer is A as after ,Noun + modifer can describe the subject(apartment) , we cannot have a independent clause after , except(FANBOYS,subordinating conjunction and ;or .)

expert please explain my concept of absolute phrase

noun + modifer which gives information on subject(cannot contain a verb)
Source: — Sentence Correction |

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by amit2k9 » Wed Jul 13, 2011 12:32 am
arghya05 wrote:In the late 1880s, the journalist Jacob Riis visited tenement dwellings in several impoverished NewYork City neighborhoods to investigate housing conditions and photograph immigrant tenants' apartments, whose interiors were inhumanely overcrowded, their floors often serving as beds, and their walls often windowless and dilapidated with age and neglet.

A) whose interiors were inhumanely overcrowded, their floors
often serving as beds, and their walls often windowless and dilapidated with age and neglet -- with isn't correct usage. POE.

B) whose interiors were inhumanely overcrowded, their floors
were often serving as beds, and their walls were often lacking windows and dilapidated due to age and neglet -- due to states reason. their is parallel too. Hold it.

C) whose interiors were inhumanely overcrowded, their floors
were often serving as beds, and they had walls often windowless and dilapidated with age and neglet -- they has walls and with usage not correct. POE.

D) having interiors inhumanely overcrowded, their floors often serving
for beds, and their walls were often windowless and dilapidated due to age and neglet -- whose relative pronoun is an object pronoun not replaceable by having (participle) here. POE.

E) having interiors that were inhumanely overcrowded, their floors often
serving as beds, and their walls often lacked windows and were dilapidated on account of and neglet -- on account of wordy, usage of the second and not correct. POE.


answer A

i guess the correct answer is A as after ,Noun + modifer can describe the subject(apartment) , we cannot have a independent clause after , except(FANBOYS,subordinating conjunction and ;or .)

expert please explain my concept of absolute phrase

noun + modifer which gives information on subject(cannot contain a verb)
Clean B.

Absolute phrase - The car fell into the lake,the cold water filling the compartment.
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by bubbliiiiiiii » Wed Jul 13, 2011 1:36 am
arghya05 wrote:In the late 1880s, the journalist Jacob Riis visited tenement dwellings in several impoverished NewYork City neighborhoods to investigate housing conditions and photograph immigrant tenants' apartments, whose interiors were inhumanely overcrowded, their floors often serving as beds, and their walls often windowless and dilapidated with age and neglet.

A) whose interiors were inhumanely overcrowded, their floors
often serving as beds, and their walls often windowless and dilapidated with age and neglet

B) whose interiors were inhumanely overcrowded, their floors
were often serving as beds, and their walls were often lacking windows and dilapidated due to age and neglet - Parallelism issue

C) whose interiors were inhumanely overcrowded, their floors
were often serving as beds, and they had walls often windowless and dilapidated with age and neglet - Parallelism issue

D) having interiors inhumanely overcrowded, their floors often serving
for beds, and their walls were often windowless and dilapidated due to age and neglet
the word having incorrectly modifies the subject (journalist Jacob Riis) of previous sentence.

E) having interiors that were inhumanely overcrowded, their floors often
serving as beds, and their walls often lacked windows and were dilapidated on account of and neglet
the word having incorrectly modifies the subject (journalist Jacob Riis) of previous sentence.
IMO A
Regards,

Pranay

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by Jim@Grockit » Wed Jul 13, 2011 6:21 am
arghya05 wrote: i guess the correct answer is A as after ,Noun + modifer can describe the subject(apartment) , we cannot have a independent clause after , except(FANBOYS,subordinating conjunction and ;or .)

expert please explain my concept of absolute phrase

noun + modifer which gives information on subject(cannot contain a verb)
I am not sure I understand your question -- what you said about independent clauses is exactly correct. Absolute phrases still have some connection to the sentence, especially in cases like this one with a possessive pronoun in it.

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by arghya05 » Wed Jul 13, 2011 9:17 am
i want to say that absolute phrase cannot contain a verb, it is a noun + modifer.
please explain the possessive in absolute phrase

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by aspirant2011 » Wed Jul 13, 2011 9:22 am
bubbliiiiiiii wrote:
arghya05 wrote:In the late 1880s, the journalist Jacob Riis visited tenement dwellings in several impoverished NewYork City neighborhoods to investigate housing conditions and photograph immigrant tenants' apartments, whose interiors were inhumanely overcrowded, their floors often serving as beds, and their walls often windowless and dilapidated with age and neglet.

A) whose interiors were inhumanely overcrowded, their floors
often serving as beds, and their walls often windowless and dilapidated with age and neglet

B) whose interiors were inhumanely overcrowded, their floors
were often serving as beds, and their walls were often lacking windows and dilapidated due to age and neglet - Parallelism issue

C) whose interiors were inhumanely overcrowded, their floors
were often serving as beds, and they had walls often windowless and dilapidated with age and neglet - Parallelism issue

D) having interiors inhumanely overcrowded, their floors often serving
for beds, and their walls were often windowless and dilapidated due to age and neglet
the word having incorrectly modifies the subject (journalist Jacob Riis) of previous sentence.

E) having interiors that were inhumanely overcrowded, their floors often
serving as beds, and their walls often lacked windows and were dilapidated on account of and neglet
the word having incorrectly modifies the subject (journalist Jacob Riis) of previous sentence.
IMO A
bubliiii can you please explain how is there a parallelism issue in option B?????

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by hey_thr67 » Wed Jul 13, 2011 10:32 am
I think Answer is B. I see a parallelism in whose.. clause..., their.. , their ... . B address this issue and give the parallelism of clauses.

A could have been correct only if "A" had not have whose.. (clause) but a phrase.

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by bubbliiiiiiii » Wed Jul 13, 2011 9:55 pm
Hey aspirant,

I mistook the parallelism between lacking and dilapidated.

On doing research now, I found that both of them are adjectives and are parallel.

I think in that case B has to be the correct option since in A,

there is a missing verb. Please evaluate my thought process for elimination of A.
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by sumit88 » Wed Jul 13, 2011 11:52 pm
IMO apart from parallelism issue in B it also wrongly uses "due to". Also "lacking windows and dilapidated due to age and neglet " is wordy.

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by e-GMAT » Thu Jul 14, 2011 5:39 am
arghya05 wrote:i want to say that absolute phrase cannot contain a verb, it is a noun + modifer.
please explain the possessive in absolute phrase
In the late 1880s, the journalist Jacob Riis visited tenement dwellings in several impoverished NewYork City neighborhoods to investigate housing conditions and photograph immigrant tenants' apartments, whose interiors were inhumanely overcrowded, their floors often serving as beds, and their walls often windowless and dilapidated with age and neglet.

The highlighted modifier is an absolute phrase of the pattern - noun + noun modifier. The noun here is written in a specific style - THEIR FLOORS. Carefully note that "their" is a possessive but it simply acts as an adjective to the noun - floors. So essentially the construction of the modifier is still maintains as noun + noun modifier. Furthermore, "their" sets up the relationship between this modifier and the preceding clause. Without the presence of "their", the modifier would not have made sense with the preceding clause.

Make a mental note of this construction of modifier, since such construction has been seen in official questions. For example check out the following correct official sentence.

With surface temperatures estimated at minus 230 degrees Fahrenheit, Jupiter's moon Europa has long been considered far too cold to support life, its 60 square miles of water thought to be frozen from top to bottom.
You can find detailed treatment of this question here.

Notice carefully the construction of noun + noun modifier
Noun = its 60 square miles of water
Noun Modifier = though to be frozen from top to bottom

Now for a minute imagine if "its" was not there in the sentence.
..Europa has long been considered far too cold to support life, 60 square miles of water thought to be frozen from top to bottom.

As you can see, the sentence has lost the connection now. Where did the 60 square miles of water come from. Whose water are we talking about?

Hope this helps...

For additional information on such modifiers click here.

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by xxpatzz » Thu Jul 14, 2011 9:51 am
confused...btw A & B

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by e-GMAT » Thu Jul 14, 2011 11:00 am
B is not correct because of parallelism error.

Here is the sentence in question (with choice B)

In the late 1880s, the journalist Jacob Riis visited tenement dwellings in several impoverished NewYork City neighborhoods to investigate housing conditions and photograph immigrant tenants' apartments,whose interiors were inhumanely overcrowded, their floors were often serving as beds, and their walls were often lacking windows and dilapidated due to age and neglect.

Note that there is a list of modifiers here- all these modifiers modify the apartments
1: whose interiors were...
2: their floors were...
3: their walls were...
This list is not parallel. For it to be parallel, all clauses should begin with relative pronoun - whose. Moreover, elements 2 and 3 here cannot sustain as dependent clauses because "their" is not a relative pronoun. So essentially "their floors were...and their walls were..." is an independent clause and hence should be connected with the rest of the sentence by using either comma + FANBOYS or semicolon.

Furthermore, as @sumit88 pointed out, the usage of "due to" is incorrect. You may check this blog post for more details on use of "due to"

Choice A on the other hand is correct. The structure of this sentence is
Independent clause, modifier.
where the modifier "their walls..." modifies the preceding clause. It extends the idea of the preceding clause. Notice how in choice A, "their" does not have the verb "were".
Essentially the sentence implies the following:

In the late 1880s, the journalist Jacob Riis visited tenement dwellings in several impoverished NewYork City neighborhoods to investigate housing conditions and photograph immigrant tenants' apartments,whose interiors were inhumanely overcrowded.

After stating the fact that the interiors of these apartments were inhumanely overcrowded, the sentence then adds on a descriptive modifier - "their floors were often serving as beds, and their walls were often lacking windows and dilapidated due to age and neglect."

Now this modifier drives your attention to the overcrowded condition of the apartments.

BTW, what is the source of this question?

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by bubbliiiiiiii » Thu Jul 14, 2011 10:26 pm
Hi E-GMAT,

Great post as I was really confused between A and B. I initially picked A, though correct but with wrong reasoning, and eventually moved to B.

I understood that why B is wrong now. But for more clarity could you please post a few more examples or OG question numbers that test the concept of absolute modifiers?

The post describing the usage of due to is simply great and the information written is easy to grasp.

I tried to navigate to the link given at the end of post but could not. Could you please post the URL for that post?
Regards,

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by e-GMAT » Fri Jul 15, 2011 7:28 am
Hi Pranay,

I am glad that the post helped clear some doubts!

Here are the posts that discuss the Noun + Noun modifiers in details
https://e-gmat.com/blogs/?p=584
https://e-gmat.com/blogs/?p=591
https://e-gmat.com/blogs/?p=605

There are some more examples in GMATPrep for which we have solutions posted in the blogs. Those questions also contain such modifiers. I will have to search and send you links to the pertinent questions!

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by mundasingh123 » Fri Jul 15, 2011 2:16 pm
Thanks for the great explanation and the blogs .Extremely informative
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