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When 1,000 children were inoculated with a certain vaccine,

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by AAPL » Tue Apr 16, 2019 5:07 am

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When 1,000 children were inoculated with a certain vaccine, some developed inflammation at the site of the inoculation and some developed fever. How many of the children developed inflammation but not fever?

1) 880 children developed neither inflammation nor fever.
2) 20 children developed fever.

OA C
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Source: — Data Sufficiency |

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by Brent@GMATPrepNow » Tue Apr 16, 2019 7:07 am
AAPL wrote:GMAT Prep

When 1,000 children were inoculated with a certain vaccine, some developed inflammation at the site of the inoculation and some developed fever. How many of the children developed inflammation but not fever?

1) 880 children developed neither inflammation nor fever.
2) 20 children developed fever.
OA C
Target question: How many of the children developed inflammation but not fever?

One approach is to use the Double Matrix Method. This technique can be used for most questions featuring a population in which each member has two characteristics associated with it (aka overlapping sets questions).
Here, we have a population of 1000 children, and the two characteristics are:
- inflammation or no inflammation
- fever or no fever

So, we can set up our matrix as follows:
Image
Noticed that I placed a red star in the box representing our target question (the number of children who developed inflammation but not fever)

Statement 1: 880 children developed neither inflammation nor fever.
We can place that information here:
Image

We still don't have enough information to determine the value that goes in the starred box
So, statement 1 is NOT SUFFICIENT

Statement 2: 20 children developed fever.
If 20 of the 1000 children developed a fever, then the remaining 980 children did NOT develop a fever.
We can place that information here:
Image

We still don't have enough information to determine the value that goes in the starred box
So, statement 2 is NOT SUFFICIENT

Statements 1 and 2 combined
When we COMBINE the statements we get:
Image
This allows us to determine the value that goes in the starred box
So, the answer to the target question is 100 children developed inflammation but not fever

Since we can answer the target question with certainty, the combined statements are SUFFICIENT

Answer: C

Cheers,
Brent

This question type is VERY COMMON on the GMAT, so be sure to master the technique.

To learn more about the Double Matrix Method, watch this video: https://www.gmatprepnow.com/module/gmat- ... ems?id=919

Once you're familiar with this technique, you can attempt these additional practice questions:

Easy Problem Solving questions
- https://www.beatthegmat.com/finance-majo ... 67425.html

Medium Problem Solving questions
- https://www.gmatprepnow.com/module/gmat- ... /video/920
- https://www.beatthegmat.com/posted-speed ... 72374.html
- https://www.beatthegmat.com/motel-t271938.html
- https://www.beatthegmat.com/of-the-appli ... 70255.html
- https://www.beatthegmat.com/opening-nigh ... 64869.html
- https://www.beatthegmat.com/at-least-100 ... 74669.html
- https://www.beatthegmat.com/prblem-solving-t279424.html

Difficult Problem Solving questions
- https://www.gmatprepnow.com/module/gmat- ... /video/946
- https://www.beatthegmat.com/ratio-problem-t268339.html
- https://www.beatthegmat.com/overlapping- ... 65223.html
- https://www.beatthegmat.com/fractions-t264254.html
- https://www.beatthegmat.com/overlapping- ... 64092.html
- https://www.beatthegmat.com/mba/2011/05/ ... question-2

Easy Data Sufficiency questions
- https://www.gmatprepnow.com/module/gmat- ... /video/943
- https://www.beatthegmat.com/for-what-per ... 70596.html
- https://www.beatthegmat.com/ds-quest-t187706.html

Medium Data Sufficiency questions
- https://www.beatthegmat.com/sets-matrix-ds-t271914.html
- https://www.beatthegmat.com/each-of-peop ... 71375.html
- https://www.beatthegmat.com/a-manufacturer-t270331.html
- https://www.beatthegmat.com/in-costume-f ... 69355.html
- https://www.beatthegmat.com/mba/2011/05/ ... question-1

Difficult Data Sufficiency questions
- https://youtu.be/dsCeqF9Kbk8
- https://www.beatthegmat.com/double-set-m ... 71423.html
- https://youtu.be/dOZ9KM1m5Hs
- https://www.beatthegmat.com/sets-t269449.html
- https://www.beatthegmat.com/mba/2011/05/ ... question-3

Cheers,
Brent
Brent Hanneson - Creator of GMATPrepNow.com
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