if a = 1 then no matter what x,y are, the statement 1 or 2(b=1) always holds.
if a is not equal to 1, then statement 1 is sufficient. because even if a is (1.1),
a^x * a^y = 1
{above will hold only for y is always = -x} or {x and y both are 0} {in either case we know x+y = even}
however I wonder why the statement A and B are distinct is given ??

















