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Can "those" function as a prounoun?

Critical Reasoning, Reading Comprehension
Expert replies
by AeceGMAT » Thu Dec 30, 2010 10:46 am
Salt deposits and moisture threaten to destroy the Mohenjo-Daro excavation in Pakistan, the site of an ancient civilization that flourished at the same time as the civilizations in the Nile delta and the river valleys of Tigris and Euphrates.

a. same
b. that had flourished at the same time as had the civilizations
c. that flourished at the same time those had
d. flourishing at the same time as those did
e. flourishing at the same time as those were

It's obvious that the OA is A

But for c, d, e, are those word "those" function as pronouns? I do usually say in the way of answer b, so I'm wondering what the function of "those" is - I was never taught that "those" is a pronoun.

Thx.
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Source: — Verbal Reasoning |

by VivianKerr » Fri Dec 31, 2010 6:57 pm
Hi AeceGMAT,

"Those" is the plural of "that." It's in a group called "determiners" along with "this", "that", "these", "those," "here" and there that are technically pronouns but often function more like adjectives.

For C, D, and E, "those" is meant to mean something like "the ones" and could be used as a pronoun to replace a plural antecedent if there was one in the sentence, and if the construction was parallel.

Hope this helps!
-Vivian
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by Superduperstudent » Wed Jan 12, 2011 7:08 pm
"Those" may have been fine if the sentence had been "the site of ancient civilizationS that flourished..." However, there was only one ancient civilization in that location.

Pronouns take the place of something else, and they can refer backward and forward. In this case, the pronoun "those" is trying to refer backward but, like VivianKerr writes, because of the disagreement in number, it won't work. In fact, "those" could be understood as referring to the only plural thing in the sentence: "salt deposits." Too confusing for the reader. "Those" is out for this one.
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