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A code is to be made by arranging 7 letters. Three of the

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by VJesus12 » Tue Mar 27, 2018 2:35 am
A code is to be made by arranging 7 letters. Three of the letters used will be the letter A, two of the letters used will be the letter B, one of the letters used will be the letter C, and one of the letters used will be the letter D. If there is only one way to present each letter, how many different codes are possible?

A. 42
B. 210
C. 420
D. 840
E. 5,040

The OA is the option C.

I don't know how to solve this PS question. Is it 7! ? I need help. <i class="em em-confused"></i>
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Source: — Problem Solving |

by GMATGuruNY » Tue Mar 27, 2018 4:21 am
VJesus12 wrote:A code is to be made by arranging 7 letters. Three of the letters used will be the letter A, two of the letters used will be the letter B, one of the letters used will be the letter C, and one of the letters used will be the letter D. If there is only one way to present each letter, how many different codes are possible?

A. 42
B. 210
C. 420
D. 840
E. 5,040
The clause in red seems to imply that repeated letters are IDENTICAL.
Thus, the three A's are identical and the two B's are identical

Number of ways to arrange 7 letters = 7!.
But when an arrangement includes IDENTICAL elements, we must divide by the number of ways each set of identical elements can be ARRANGED.
The reason:
When the identical elements swap positions, the arrangement doesn't change.
Here, we must divide by 3! to account for the three identical A's and by 2! to account for the two identical B's:
7!/(3!2!) = 420.

The correct answer is C.
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by Brent@GMATPrepNow » Tue Mar 27, 2018 6:51 am
VJesus12 wrote:A code is to be made by arranging 7 letters. Three of the letters used will be the letter A, two of the letters used will be the letter B, one of the letters used will be the letter C, and one of the letters used will be the letter D. If there is only one way to present each letter, how many different codes are possible?

A. 42
B. 210
C. 420
D. 840
E. 5,040
-------ASIDE------------------------
When we want to arrange a group of items in which some of the items are identical, we can use something called the MISSISSIPPI rule. It goes like this:

If there are n objects where A of them are alike, another B of them are alike, another C of them are alike, and so on, then the total number of possible arrangements = n!/[(A!)(B!)(C!)....]

So, for example, we can calculate the number of arrangements of the letters in MISSISSIPPI as follows:
There are 11 letters in total
There are 4 identical I's
There are 4 identical S's
There are 2 identical P's
So, the total number of possible arrangements = 11!/[(4!)(4!)(2!)]
----ONTO THE QUESTION--------------------

We want to arrange A, A, A, B, B, C, and D
There are 7 letters in total
There are 3 identical A's
There are 2 identical B's
So, the total number of possible arrangements = 7!/[(3!)(2!)
= (7)(6)(5)(4)(3)(2)(1)/(3)(2)(1)(2)(1)
= (7)(6)(5)(4)/(2)(1)
= (7)(6)(5)(2)
= 420

Answer: C

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Brent
Brent Hanneson - Creator of GMATPrepNow.com
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by Scott@TargetTestPrep » Wed Mar 28, 2018 10:14 am
VJesus12 wrote:A code is to be made by arranging 7 letters. Three of the letters used will be the letter A, two of the letters used will be the letter B, one of the letters used will be the letter C, and one of the letters used will be the letter D. If there is only one way to present each letter, how many different codes are possible?

A. 42
B. 210
C. 420
D. 840
E. 5,040
We need to determine the number of arrangements of:

A-A-A-B-B-C-D

Since we have 7 total letters and 3 repeated A's and 2 repeated B's, we can arrange the letters in the following number of ways, using the indistinguishable permutations formula:

7!/(3! x 2!) = (7 x 6 x 5 x 4)/2 = 7 x 3 x 5 x 4 = 21 x 20 = 420.

Answer: C

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