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rashmi.kaushal
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That is an essential modifier. An essential modifier is used to give information that is necessary to recognize the subject.
Which is an non essential modifier that modifies the legitimate noun before the comma
The road, which goes on for 24 miles, has a toll bridge - here "goes on for 24 miles" is not required i.e. if we remove this bit the sentence would not affected.
The House that is located at 24, Pennington lane is owned by Mary. - here that provides information that is required to recognize the house owned by Mary.
-ing modifiers modify the entire preceding clause and are attributed to the subject of that clause.
Thus in the question option C is correct.
Your query --> , which includes modifies term and not posts held by the Senator.
Hope it helps.
