1000 SC - 476

[jangojess]

Less detrimental than the effects of bacterial transformation is the effects of bacterial deterioration: spoilage of food, metals corroding, decay of wood, and other undesirable alterations of substances.
(A) is the effects of bacterial deterioration: spoilage of food, metals corroding
(B) are the effects of bacterial deterioration: spoilage of food, metals corroding
(C) is the effects of bacterial deterioration, which include spoilage of food, metals corroding
(D) are the effects of bacterial deterioration, which includes spoilage of food, corrosion of metals
(E) are the effects of bacterial deterioration: spoilage of food, corrosion of metals

OA - E
[spoiler]Why not D??? What is the rule for using colon??[/spoiler][/spoiler]

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You can read the sentence as : The effects of bacterial deterioration are less than the effects of transformation.
So first clue is ARE.Second is the parallelism Spoilage of food,corrosion of metals .
Hence E

[jangojess]

why not D and why E???

also is it grammatically correct to use a colon when different attributes/reasons are listed?

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Here Which is modifying deterioration and not the effects of bacterial deterioration.the sentence implies that following are the effects of deterioration : spoilage of food , corrosion of metals etc etc .
th effects of bacterial dterioration include spoilage of food etc and not the deterioration includes spoilage of food
So E is a better sentence than D.I hope i am able to convince you

[ipt20072007]

To add,

For D, even if "which" was referring to "effects of", "includes" would not agree; thus eliminate D, leaving E, which provides a parallel list.

[pahwa]

Before I answer this one, do understand the use of colons. Colons come at the end of a noun, you want to further define/explain.

1. "Effects" are being talked about, thus eliminate all choices with "is".
We are left with B, D and E.

B is not Parallel (spoilage has to be folowed by Corrosion)
D, Which refers to deterioration rather than effects.

Hence, E is correct.

[[email protected]]

Could any of the experts please help in this particular question...

Explain in brief the difference between the options D and E...