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Forget conventional ways of solving math questions. For DS problems, the VA (Variable Approach) method is the quickest and easiest way to find the answer without actually solving the problem. Remember that equal numbers of variables and independent equations ensure a solution.
Since we have 1 variable (n) and 0 equations, D is most likely to be the answer. So, we should consider each condition on its own first.
Condition 1)
If n + 200 = 400 = 20^2, then n = 200.
If n + 200 = 441 = 21^2, then n = 241.
Since condition 1) does not yield a unique answer, it is not sufficient.
Condition 2)
If n + 292 = 400 = 20^2, then n = 108.
If n + 292 = 441 = 21^2, then n = 149.
Since condition 2) does not yield a unique answer, it is not sufficient.
Conditions 1) & 2)
Write n + 200 = a^2 and n + 292 = b^2, for some positive integers a and b. Then
b^2 - a^2 = (n+292)-(n+200) = 92 = 2^2*23 and
(b+a)(b-a) = 2^2*23
Since b + a and b - a have the same parity, which means both b + a and b - a are even or both b + a and b - a are odd, b + a = 46 and b - a = 2.
Solving these equations simultaneously yields a = 22 and b = 24.
Thus n = 24^2 - 292 = 284.
The two conditions are sufficient, when applied together.
Therefore, C is the answer.
Answer: C
If the original condition includes "1 variable", or "2 variables and 1 equation", or "3 variables and 2 equations" etc., one more equation is required to answer the question. If each of conditions 1) and 2) provide an additional equation, there is a 59% chance that D is the answer, a 38% chance that A or B is the answer, and a 3% chance that the answer is C or E. Thus, answer D (conditions 1) and 2), when applied separately, are sufficient to answer the question) is most likely, but there may be cases where the answer is A,B,C or E.
