OG2017..........'that' & 'those' problem

[Mo2men]

Recent interdisciplinary studies advance the argument that emotions, including those deemed personal or private is a social phenomenon, though one inseparable from bodily response.

A) private is a social phenomenon, though one inseparable
B) private, are social phenomena that are inseparable
C) private are a social phenomenon but are not those inseparable
D) private-are social phenomena but not separable
E) also as private emotions, are social phenomena not inseparable

OA: B

[spoiler]In the correct answer, what does 'that' refer to? is 'phenomena' or 'emotions'?

In choice C, what does 'those' refer to? Also where is the subject in 'but are not those inseparable'?
is it 'emotions'[/spoiler]

[GMATGuruNY]

Recent interdisciplinary studies advance the argument that emotions, including those deemed personal or private is a social phenomenon, though one inseparable from bodily response.

A) private is a social phenomenon, though one inseparable
B) private, are social phenomena that are inseparable
C) private are a social phenomenon but are not those inseparable
D) private-are social phenomena but not separable
E) also as private emotions, are social phenomena not inseparable

A: emotions...is a social phenomenon.
Here, emotions (plural) does not agree with is (singular).
Eliminate A.

Within a single clause, forms of the same pronoun must have the SAME REFERENT.
C: emotions, including those deemed personal or private are a social phenomenon but are not those inseparable from bodily response.
Here, the those in blue serves to refer to emotions, with the result that the those in red must also serve to refer to emotions.
If we replace the red those with emotions, we get:
emotions...are a social phenomenon but are not emotions.
This meaning is nonsensical.
Eliminate C.

but must serve to connect PARALLEL FORMS.
D: are social phenomena but not separable
Here, social phenomena (noun phrase) and not separable (modifier) are not parallel forms.
Eliminate D.

or must serve to connect PARALLEL FORMS.
E: personal or also as private emotions
Here, personal (adjective) and as private emotions (adverb) are not parallel forms.
Eliminate E.

The correct answer is B.

In the correct answer, what does 'that' refer to? is 'phenomena' or 'emotions'?

OA: social phenomena that are inseparable from bodily response
Here, the that-clause in blue serves to modify social phenomena.

[gocoder]

OA: social phenomena that are inseparable from bodily response
Here, the that-clause in blue serves to modify social phenomena.

As per OA, in the first part of the sentence, 'that' acts to express an idea and the second 'that' refers phenomona. same pronoun has different uses. Is there any rule about such use ?

[GMATGuruNY]

OA: social phenomena that are inseparable from bodily response
Here, the that-clause in blue serves to modify social phenomena.

As per OA, in the first part of the sentence, 'that' acts to express an idea and the second 'that' refers phenomona. same pronoun has different uses. Is there any rule about such use ?

The pronoun that can be used multiple times within a single sentence.
There will be no error as long as the referent for that is clear in each case.
OA: Recent interdisciplinary studies advance the argument that emotions are social phenomena that are inseparable from bodily response.
Here, it is crystal clear that the that in blue is serving to refer to argument, while the that in green is serving to refer to phenomena.
Hence, the two usages of that are correct.

[rsarashi]

social phenomena that are inseparable from bodily response
Here, the that-clause in blue serves to modify social phenomena.

Hi GMATGuruNY ,

Just a quick question.

Can you please explain that if blue part is modifying social phenomena, then why do we need are after that?

Please help sir!

[GMATGuruNY]

social phenomena that are inseparable from bodily response
Here, the that-clause in blue serves to modify social phenomena.

Hi GMATGuruNY ,

Just a quick question.

Can you please explain that if blue part is modifying social phenomena, then why do we need are after that?

Please help sir!

A that-modifier is a relative CLAUSE.
By definition, a clause must include a verb.

[rsarashi]

A that-modifier is a relative CLAUSE.
By definition, a clause must include a verb.

Hi GMATGuruNY ,

Thank you s much for your reply sir. I got it.

I have another question .

Here, that modifier is modifying the social phenomena right?
We are considering phenomena plural here?

Please advise.

Thanks

[GMATGuruNY]

I have another question .

Here, that modifier is modifying the social phenomena right?
We are considering phenomena plural here?

Please advise.

Thanks

Correct!
phenomenon = singular.
phenomena = plural.
Since phenomena is plural, it takes a plural verb.
OA: phenomena that ARE inseparable.
Here, are (plural) agrees with phenomena (also plural).

[rsarashi]

Correct!
phenomenon = singular.
phenomena = plural.
Since phenomena is plural, it takes a plural verb.
OA: phenomena that ARE inseparable.
Here, are (plural) agrees with phenomena (also plural).

Hi GMATGuruNY ,

Thank you so much for your reply.

All clear.

Thanks